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Product Review

Low-Dose Lithium Supplements Review

Choose the Best Low-Dose Lithium Supplement. CL Tests Reveal Which Low-Dose Lithium Supplements Offer the Best Quality and Value.

Very Low Lithium Supplements Reviewed by ConsumerLab.com

Product Review

Chromium Supplements Review

Chromium Supplements Review. Best Chromium Supplements Identified -- By Strength.

Chromium Supplements Reviewed by ConsumerLab.com

CL Answer

What are trace minerals and do I need them?

Trace minerals include boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, zinc, and others. Find out what they do, how much of each trace mineral you should be getting, and who's most likely to be deficient in these minerals.

Trace Minerals - What are they and do you need them?

CL Answer

Immuno 150: Does It Boost Immunity?

Immuno 150 by Exceptional Health Products is promoted for boosting the immune system, but does it work and is it worth its price? Find out.

Bottle of Immuno 150

Product Review

Selenium Supplements Review

Choose the Best Selenium Supplement. Find Out If You Need Selenium and Which Supplement Is Our Top Pick.

Selenium Supplements Reviewed by ConsumerLab.com

Product Review

Boron Supplements Review (Including Calcium, Magnesium, and Vitamins D & K)

Is Boron Needed for Bone Health? Find Out and See Our Top Pick Among Supplements

Boron Review 2024

CL Answer

ConsumerLab’s Review of ION* Gut Support

ConsumerLab's Review of ION Gut Support (formerly Restore), the liquid humic extract supplement derived from soil. Learn about the evidence for ION Gut Support for on digestion and gut health, reducing inflammation, and other uses, dosage, cost, and safety.

ION Gut Support 3

Product Review

Iron Supplements Review (Iron Pills, Liquids and Chews)

See Which Iron Supplements Are CL's Top Picks for Different Needs

Product Review

Multivitamin and Multimineral Supplements Review

32% Failed our Tests. Choose Your Multivitamin Carefully.

Multivitamins Review 2026

CL Answer

What is CELLFOOD and is it a healthy supplement?

Learn more about CELLFOOD (NuScience Corporation), including if the claims to improve athletic performance, fibromyalgia, weight loss, and cancer are true.

What is CELLFOOD

CL Answer

I take lisinopril (Zestril), an ACE inhibitor drug to lower blood pressure. Are there supplements I should avoid, or be taking, due to this drug?

When taking ACE inhibitors, find out which supplements should be avoided. Interaction info on Lisinopril or another ACE inhibitors.

Lisinopril, ACE Inhibitors and Supplement Interactions -- prescription bottle of lisinopril on desk with blood pressure cuff

Product Review

Calcium and Bone Health Supplements Review (Including Vitamins D & K, Magnesium and Boron)

See Which Bone Health Supplements Are Top Picks and Which Fail

Calcium Review 2024

CL Answer

Himalayan and Sea Salts: Health Benefits, Toxic Metals, & Microplastics

Himalayan salt health benefits, along with other gourmet salts like Hawaiian and Mediterranean. Info including what's in them and their safety.

Himalayan Salt -- spoonful of pink Himalayan salt

Product Review

Shilajit Supplements Review (Resins and Extracts)

We Discovered Major Differences Among Shilajit Supplements

Shilajit Review 2024

Product Review

Coconut Waters Review

Best Coconut Water? See Our Tests and Comparisons of Popular Brands Looking at Sugar, Electrolytes, Taste and Price.

Coconut Waters Reviewed by ConsumerLab.com

Product Review

Mangosteen Juice and Supplements Review Article

What Are the Benefits of Mangosteen Juice and Supplements? Find Out What Mangosteen Can and Cannot Do For Your Health.

CL Answer

What are "broad-spectrum micronutrient" supplements, and do they have greater health benefits than multivitamin/multimineral supplements?

Learn about "broad-spectrum micronutrients" and how they compare to multivitamin/multimineral supplements.

Multivitamins on a table with a multivitamin supplement nutrition label in front of the multivitamins

Product Review

Magnesium Supplements Review (Including Calcium, Vitamins D & K, and Boron)

Find Out What Magnesium Does, Who Needs It, and Our Top Picks Among Supplements

Magnesium Review 2024

Clinical Update

3/20/2025

Vanadium: Health Effects & Safety

Does vanadium, a trace mineral, have health benefits and is it safe? Find out in our article: What are trace minerals and do I need them?

CL Answer

Do detox supplements work and are they safe?

Detox supplements are promoted for removing toxins such as heavy metals from the body, but does research support their use and are such supplements safe?

Woman holding detox supplements in the palm of her hand over various fruits and vegetables on a table

CL Answer

Does drinking coffee deplete vitamins or minerals, such as magnesium, in the body? Can adding magnesium or other minerals reduce the acidity or improve the flavor of coffee?

Coffee can reduce absorption or increase loss of certain vitamins and minerals. Find out which are affected, and what steps can be taken to reduce the effect of coffee on these nutrients.

coffee cup with coffee beans on table

CL Answer

What is Perque Bone Guard Forté? It is safe and effective for bone health?

Find out about the ingredients in Perque Bone Guard Forté, including which ingredients may be beneficial for osteoporosis and bone health and which may be a safety concern.

Bottle of Perque Bone Guard Forte

CL Answer

I'm trying to pick a good multivitamin for my children and husband, and for myself. Any suggestions based on your research?

Find out how to pick the best multivitamin for you and your family, based on diet, price, and effectiveness.

Multivitamins Review 2026

CL Answer

What is the benefit of magnesium orotate compared to other forms of magnesium?

Find out if magnesium orotate is the best form of magnesium for supplements, including safety concerns.

Magnesium

CL Answer

Do any supplements or foods benefit people with Crohn's disease? Are there any supplements that should be avoided?

Find out the most common vitamin and mineral deficiencies in people with Crohn's disease, including iron, B6, B12, vitamin D, zinc and others, plus evidence for N-acetyl-glucosamine (NAG), fish oil, and curcumin.

Supplements for Crohn's Disease -- Crohn's Disease Written on Notepad, Pills

Clinical Update

1/20/2023

Too Much Copper?

Experts in Europe recently cut in half the daily upper limit on how much copper people can safely consume. Find out how this compares to the limit in the U.S. and to amounts in multivitamins in the Copper section of our Multivitamin and Multimineral Supplements Review.

Also see: What are trace minerals and do I need them?

CL Answer

Do detox foot pads or ionic foot baths remove heavy metals or other toxins from the body?

Detox foot pads and ionic foot baths are promoted for removing heavy metals and other toxins from the body. Find out if there is evidence to support these claims.

Woman lying in bed wearing detox foot pads

CL Answer

Does the FDA Regulate Supplements?

Find out how the FDA regulates dietary supplements, including rules that supplement manufacturers are required to follow (Good Manufacturing Practices or GMPs), how often supplement manufacturing facilities are audited for compliance, and if the FDA tests dietary supplements for their label claims and for contamination before products are sold.

Supplement Regulation

CL Answer

Supplements for multiple sclerosis (MS): Do any supplements reduce symptoms or relapse?

Find out if vitamins or supplements such as ginkgo, fish oil, biotin, vitamins A, C, E, D, and B12, or selenium reduce symptoms or relapse in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).

MS 3

CL Answer

Supplements for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Are Any Helpful?

Dietary supplements are often explored as alternative options or add-on interventions for people with ADHD. Learn which, if any, have shown possible benefit and which don’t seem to help or may interfere with ADHD medication.

Dice spelling adhd

News Release

February 25, 2026

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2026 Based on Consumer Satisfaction

-- Results of the ConsumerLab.com Survey of Vitamin & Supplement Users --

CL Answer

Are antioxidant supplements good or bad for you?

Learn more about whether antioxidants like astaxanthin, beta-carotene, coenzyme Q10, curcumin, resveratrol, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E are safe and if they help prevent chronic diseases.

Can Antioxidants Cause You to Die Sooner? -- antioxidant supplements and carrots

CL Answer

How much calcium do you need each day, what forms are best, and how much is too much?

Learn about the recommended daily intake of calcium from food & supplements and why taking too much can be harmful. Also, learn about the forms of calcium that are available and which are best.

None

CL Answer

I've heard that soaking dried beans for 24 hours reduces the phytate level, allowing for greater access to nutrients. Is this true?

Does soaking dried beans in water help reduce phytate levels to help gain greater access to nutrients?

Soaking Beans to Remove Phytates -- white beans soaking in a bowl of water

CL Answer

Can drinking coffee weaken bones or make arthritis worse?

Learn about the effects of coffee intake on bone mineral density, risk of osteoporosis, and risk of fracture. Also, find out if drinking coffee might increase the risk of arthritis or worsen symptoms.

CL Answer

Are David Beckham’s IM8 Supplements Worth Taking?

IM8 markets two main products that claim to help you "feel amazing today," and "stay young tomorrow." Find out if these products work and if we think they're worth the cost.

IM8

CL Answer

What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?

We’ve boiled down the latest research about mineral and chemical sunscreens, including product tests, to help you choose the best sunscreen (which will depend on whether you expect to be in or out of the water). We also list popular sunscreens that have, or have not, been found to contain cancer-causing compounds (benzene and benzophenone).

Carcinogens in Sunscreens - Bottle of sunscreen with a question mark

CL Answer

I read an article stating that some of the ingredients in Centrum multivitamins may be dangerous or toxic. Is that true?

Learn more about the safety of ingredients in Centrum, including binders, fillers, and coloring agents.

Inactive Ingredients in Centrum -- Bottle of Centrum Vitamins

CL Answer

Which foods and supplements contain lead, cadmium, or arsenic?

Discover which foods and dietary supplements contain lead and other metals, the limits, who’s testing, and how to stay safe.

Lead in Supplements & Foods -- concerned woman looking at pill

CL Answer

Do any supplements help for ulcerative colitis?

Find out what supplements & vitamins can help with ulcerative colitis, such as VSL#3, curcumin, aloe or boswellia.

Woman Grabbing Stomach Due To Abdominal Discomfort

CL Answer

Which supplements may help with PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome)?

Many supplements are promoted to help treat symptoms of PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome), but do they really work? See the clinical evidence for inositol (myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol), alpha lipoic acid, vitamin B-12, folic acid, vitamin D and more.

Supplements for PCOS

CL Answer

Is Bottled Water Better Than Tap Water?

Some people consider bottled water to be a favorable alternative to tap water, but is it really better? Find out how bottled water and tap water compare in terms of taste, mineral content, acidity, and contaminants such as microplastics and PFAS.

Woman holding glass of water next to bottle of water

CL Answer

Dandelion Tea & Supplements: Health Benefits and Safety

Find out about the potential health benefits of dandelion tea and supplements, as well as safety, side effects, and potential drug interactions.

A cup of dandelion root tea on wooden background

News Release

February 25, 2025

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2025 Based on Consumer Satisfaction

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2025 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on over 8,400 responses collected in November/December 2024.

News Release

January 09, 2025

Not All Black Seed Oil Supplements Contain What They Claim, According to ConsumerLab

White Plains, NY, January 9, 2025 —  Black seed oil and extract supplements are promoted for controlling blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, and arthritis pain, and more.

News Release

February 25, 2024

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2024 Based on Consumer Satisfaction

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2024 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on over 10,000 responses collected in November/December 2023.

News Release

February 25, 2023

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2023 Based on Consumer Satisfaction

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2023 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on 8,600 responses collected in November/December 2022.

CL Answer

What is inositol hexaphosphate (IP6) and myo-inositol? Are they helpful in treating cancer or other conditions?

Inositol hexaphosphate (IP6): Find out if IP6 (also known as phytic acid) can prevent or treat cancer. Clinical evidence, dosage, safety and how IP6 differs from myo-inositol. Consumerlab.com's answer explains.

Wooden spoon filled with white inositol capsules

CL Answer

Adrenal Fatigue and Adrenal Support Supplements: Do they work and are they safe?

Find out what's really in supplements for adrenal support and adrenal fatigue, including herbal adrenal support supplements and bovine derived adrenal support supplements. Find out if they really work and if they are safe. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

Adrenal Fatigue and Adrenal Support Supplements -- Tired Woman Falling Asleep at Her Desk

CL Answer

Which vitamins and supplements are good for acne, and are there any that make it worse?

Information about supplements for acne and clearer skin. Plus, find out which vitamins and supplements can make acne worse.

Supplements for Acne and Clear Skin -- Woman taking fish oil supplement

CL Answer

How do the Beyond Burger, the Impossible Burger, and a beef burger compare in terms of vitamins and minerals, and which is best?

Read our comparison of the Beyond Burger and the Impossible Burger, plant-based, meat alternative burgers. Compare nutrition, vitamins and minerals. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.

Beyond Burger vs. Impossible Burger: Nutrition, Vitamins & Minerals -- cooked plant-based burger on bun

CL Answer

Are supplements with amino acid chelated minerals better than those with other forms of minerals?

Learn more about chelates, including evidence from clinical studies on selenium, iron, and magnesium.

Woman Examining Supplements

CL Answer

How does Athletic Greens’ AG1 compare to multivitamins and Greens powders? Is AG1 worth it?

ConsumerLab reviews the ingredients in AG1, its safety and possible side effects, and how AG1 compares to other products.

A pouch of AG1 on white background

CL Answer

Is it better to get vitamins from foods or supplements, and are natural vitamins better than synthetic vitamins?

Learn more about the benefits of getting vitamins from food versus supplements, natural versus synthetic vitamins, and more.

Getting Vitamins and Minerals from Food vs. Supplements -- fruits, vegetables, and a spoon containing supplements on a table

CL Answer

Is fish oil safe? Is it contaminated with mercury and PCBs?

Fish oil safety, including information on contamination with mercury and PCBs.

Is Fish Oil Safe? -- fish oil capsules up close

CL Answer

Can any vitamins or minerals help prevent or reduce canker sores or cold sores?

Find out which, if any, supplements, including iron, L-lysine, monolaurin, olive leaf extract, vitamin B-12, and zinc, may be beneficial for canker sores or cold sores.

Lip of woman with a cold sore

CL Answer

Do vitamin patches, such as for B12 or multivitamins, really work? How about those from PatchMD?

Do vitamin B12 Patches like PatchMD really work? Can you absorb vitamin B12 through patches?

Vitamin Patches -- young woman with vitamin patch on arm

CL Answer

Which vitamins and minerals should be taken together or separately?

Find out the best way to take vitamins and minerals and which vitamins and minerals should be taken together or separately for proper absorption. ConsumerLab answer explains the best way to take vitamins and minerals.

Vitamins & Minerals That Should Be Taken Together or Separately -- various vitamins in spoons

CL Answer

Does silica have health benefits? What is BioSil, and can it really increase collagen production and strengthen hair, skin, nails and bones?

Information about the health effects of silica (silicon dioxide) and orthosilicic acid (an ingredient in BioSil), including whether these forms of silicon can really increase collagen production, thicken hair, strengthen nails & bones.

Does BioSil Strengthen Hair, Skin and Nails? -- Bottle of BioSil

CL Answer

What is TUDCA (tauroursodeoxycholic acid)? Does it have any proven health benefits, and is it safe?

TUDCA information, including its potential health benefits, safety, possible interactions, and cost.

What is Tudca - white capsules poured out of container

CL Answer

Why are vitamins and minerals labeled as "hazardous" in safety data sheets, yet they are used in supplements?

Find out why vitamins and minerals may be labeled as "hazardous" on safety data sheets.

Safety Data Sheets

CL Answer

Supplements to Take or Avoid When Using a GLP-1 Drug

Certain supplements may be helpful when taking a GLP-1 agonist, but others should be used with caution or avoided. It may also be important to monitor levels of certain vitamins and minerals. Get the details.

Semaglutide with supplements

CL Answer

Risks of Too Many Vitamins & Supplements

Taking too many vitamin supplements -- or taking too much of a particular supplement -- can have short and long-term adverse effects.

Too Many Vitamins

Clinical Update

9/08/2023

Arginine & Cold Sores

Can arginine supplementation trigger cold sore outbreaks? Find out what research suggests in the Concerns and Cautions section of our Arginine Supplements Review.

Also see: Can any vitamins or minerals help prevent or reduce canker sores or cold sores?

Clinical Update

9/12/2023

Green Tea for Cold Sores?

Does green tea help prevent or treat cold sores? Find out what research suggests in our Green Tea Review, which includes our Top Picks for green tea.

Also see: Can any vitamins or minerals help prevent or reduce canker sores or cold sores?

Clinical Update

1/10/2023

Phytates in Pea Protein

Is pea protein powder is a significant source of the phytate, which can reduce mineral absorption? Find out what research suggests in the ConsumerTips section of our Protein Powders Review.

Clinical Update

1/27/2025

Tea Tree Oil for Cold Sores?

Tea tree oil has been traditionally used for healing cold sores, but does it work? Find out what research suggests in the Tea tree oil section of our Essential Oils Review, which includes our Top Pick for tea tree oil as well as for lavender oil.

Also see: Can any vitamins or minerals help prevent or reduce canker sores or cold sores?

Clinical Update

9/16/2025

Resveratrol for Bone Health?

Does taking resveratrol slow the loss of bone mineral density in older people? Find out what research suggests in the What It Does section of our Resveratrol Supplements Review, which includes Top Picks for resveratrol.

CL Answer

How important it is to reduce total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking water from my tap?

Removing dissolved solids (TDS) may be desirable if your tap water is known to contain large amounts of dissolved solids that negatively affect taste, but you may also be removing essential minerals. Learn more about our tests of water filter pitchers.

CL Answer

Do any supplements help treat or reduce the pain of plantar fasciitis (heel pain)?

Plantar fasciitis causing heel pain has, in rare cases, been reported as a symptom of vitamin D deficiency. Other supplements that have been proposed to help include vitamin C, zinc, curcumin (from turmeric), bromelain, collagen and glucosamine. Find out what the evidence shows, and what other treatments may help.

Supplements for Plantar Fasciitis -- Woman With Heel Pain

CL Answer

Do any supplements help with COVID-19? Do supplements like vitamin D, zinc, vitamin C, or herbals work?

Find out if natural remedies & supplements for coronavirus such as zinc, vitamin C, garlic, or elderberry help to prevent or treat COVID-19.

Supplements for Coronavirus (COVID-19)? -- mask and pills

News Release

March 11, 2022

Best Magnesium Supplements Identified by ConsumerLab

  White Plains, New York, May 12, 2022 — Nearly half the U.S. population does not get adequate amounts of magnesium and can benefit from increasing magnesium intake from foods or supplementation.

CL Answer

What does "%DV" (Daily Value) mean on a supplement label, how does it differ from RDAs, and should anyone take more than the DV for a nutrient?

Find out the difference between RDAs (Recommended Daily Allowances) and DVs (Daily Values) for vitamins and minerals, and learn whether certain groups of people should take more than the 100% DVs for vitamins and minerals.

Multivitamin Daily Value Percentages Close Up

CL Answer

Are there any supplements I should avoid when taking an antibiotic? Are there any that may be helpful?

Find out which supplements can negatively interact with antibiotics, including vitamin K, magnesium, and calcium, and which may be helpful when taking antibiotics.

Supplement Interactions With Antibiotics -- man reading prescription bottle instructions

CL Answer

Do sea moss and carrageenan have health benefits? Are there risks?

Sea moss is promoted for thyroid health, boosting immunity, improving gut health, and other uses. Find out if it works and learn about possible side effects of sea moss and its constituent, carrageenan.

Sea moss in a clear bowl next to a wooden spoon on the countertop

CL Answer

What are the best supplements for depression and anxiety?

Best natural supplements for depression and anxiety, including the evidence for fish oil, vitamin D, probiotics, and herbal supplements for depression such as curcumin (from turmeric) and saffron.

Best Supplements for Depression and Anxiety -- sad young woman sitting on couch, looking toward the window

CL Answer

What is C15:0 fatty acid (found in fatty15), and does it have health benefits?

C15:0 fatty acid in fatty15 is promoted for “healthier hair & skin, balanced metabolism, and deeper sleep,” as well as “slowing the aging process.” Find out if it works.

Bottle of fatty15 with white background

CL Answer

Is there a multivitamin that contains only the recommended daily vitamins and minerals? Most that I have looked at contain more.

Are there any multivitamins that contain only the recommended daily vitamins and minerals? Choose the best multivitamin based on age & gender.

Multivitamins with 100% Daily Requirements -- magnifying glass held over multivitamin pills

CL Answer

8 Red Flags to Watch Out For When Buying Vitamins & Supplements

When it comes to buying vitamins and supplements, it's buyer beware. ConsumerLab explains eight red flags to look out for on labels when choosing and buying vitamins or supplements, including claims of "FDA Approved" laboratories, what to look for in the ingredient list, and more.

What to Watch Out for When Choosing a Supplement -- Supplement Bottle Label Close-up

CL Answer

Is soy in supplements good or bad for you?

Find out about the health benefits and/or safety concerns related to soy constituents (including soy isoflavones, soy protein, soy lecithin, and soybean oil), and learn how you can avoid soy in supplements if necessary.

Scoop of soy protein isolate placed among soybeans

News Release

February 25, 2022

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2022 Based on Consumer Satisfaction

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2022 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on 8,049 responses collected in November/December 2021.

News Release

February 25, 2021

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2021 Based on Consumer Satisfaction -- Results of the ConsumerLab.com Survey of Vitamin & Supplement Users

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2021 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on 9,647 responses collected in November 2020.

News Release

February 25, 2020

Top-rated Vitamin and Supplement Brands and Merchants for 2020 Based on Consumer Satisfaction -- Results of the ConsumerLab.com Survey of Vitamin & Supplement Users

White Plains, New York, February 25, 2020 — Each year, ConsumerLab.com surveys its free e-newsletter subscribers about the vitamins and supplements that they use. The results below are based on 9,782 responses collected in late November and early December 2019.

News Release

August 23, 2017

ConsumerLab.com Tests Reveal Best Low-Dose Lithium Supplements for "Mood"

White Plains, New York, August 23, 2017 — As a prescription medication, the mineral lithium is used to treat bipolar disease and other mood disorders, but some may be surprised to learn that lithium is also sold as a dietary supplement — although in much lower doses than provided by ...

News Release

June 21, 2017

Which Magnesium Is Best? ConsumerLab.com Tests Popular Brands and Reveals Its Top Pick

White Plains, New York, June 21, 2017 — Magnesium supplements are among the most popular supplements, but do you need to take one and, if so, which is best? To find out, ConsumerLab.com reviewed the clinical evidence, and purchased and tested popular magnesium supplements sold in the U.S.

News Release

April 25, 2017

Caution with Kelp Supplements: May Contain Too Much Iodine

White Plains, New York, April 25, 2017 — Kelp supplements are promoted as a natural source of iodine, an important mineral for healthy thyroid function. But are they a good alternative to regular iodine supplements? To find out, ConsumerLab.

News Release

January 12, 2016

Problems Found with 32% of Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplements -- ConsumerLab.com Identifies Good Choices for Men, Women, and Children

White Plains, New York, January 12, 2016 — You can't always judge a supplement by its label -- or by its price, according to a new report from ConsumerLab.com, which recently tested dozens of multivitamin/multimineral supplements.

Clinical Update

4/23/2024

Taking Probiotics With Vitamins and Minerals?

Is it okay to take probiotics at the same time as vitamin and mineral supplements? Find out in our Probiotics Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among probiotics supplements.

Also see: Which vitamins and minerals should be taken together or separately?

Clinical Update

3/01/2024

Loss of Minerals with Reverse Osmosis

Reverse osmosis water filtration depletes water of minerals. Is it necessary to add minerals back? Find out in our article about reducing exposure to PFAS, which includes our Top Pick countertop reverse osmosis filter.

Also see our Water Pitcher Filters Review.

Clinical Update

7/26/2022

The Best Way to Take Vitamins & Minerals

Some vitamins and minerals can compete with each other for absorption, or may be better absorbed with meals. Get the details and tips for taking in our updated answer to the question: Which vitamins and minerals should be taken together or separately?

Clinical Update

8/05/2012

Be Careful with Iodine -- Especially If You're Pregnant

Unlike over-the-counter medicines, dietary supplements are generally not required to carry warning labels, even if they contain toxic amounts of ingredients. If you don't know how much of a vitamin, mineral, or other ingredient you really need, it's easily possible to get too much. This is what seems to have happened to some pregnant women taking a widely-sold iodine supplement, according to a recent medical report. Just one tablet contained 57 times the daily iodine they needed and more than ten times the limit associated with increased risk of toxicity. Their children were born with congenital hypothyroidism, apparently due to getting too much iodine from their mothers.

Find out which product these women took in the updated Iodine section of the Multivitamin Supplements Review. You'll also find appropriate levels of other vitamins and minerals and see which products in the Review did or did not exceed tolerable intake levels of vitamins and minerals. More >>

News Release

June 10, 2015

ConsumerLab.com Tests Reveal Best and Worst Magnesium Supplements

White Plains, New York, June 10, 2015 — Magnesium supplements have become extremely popular, surpassing even calcium among frequent users of supplements. However, recent tests by ConsumerLab.

News Release

December 10, 2014

ConsumerLab.com Identifies Best Zinc Products for Colds, Eyes, and Zinc Deficiency -- Popular Zinc Supplements and Lozenges Tested and Compared

White Plains, New York, December 10, 2014 — "Zinc supplements have been shown to shorten colds and reduce the progression of advanced macular degeneration, but not all products provide the dosage proven effective, as well as pass criteria for supplement quality," says Tod Cooperman, M.D.

News Release

May 08, 2012

Lead Contamination and Mislabeling in Joint Health Supplements with Glucosamine, Chondroitin, and MSM According to ConsumerLab.com

White Plains, New York, May 8, 2012 — Glucosamine, chondroitin, and MSM are popular dietary supplements for treating symptoms of osteoarthritis — worn joint cartilage.

News Release

December 20, 2011

Choose zinc supplements carefully -- ConsumerLab.com finds only some have dosage proven to shorten colds, reduce eye disease

White Plains, New York — December 20, 2011 — Can zinc supplements shorten colds and reduce the progression of advanced macular degeneration? "Yes, but not all supplements provide a dosage that has been proven effective." says Tod Cooperman, M.D., President of ConsumerLab.com.

News Release

June 16, 2011

ConsumerLab.com puts multivitamins to the test

June 16, 2011, New York, NY — Laboratory test results of 60 multivitamins have shown that you can't always judge a supplement by its label—or by its price. "Consumers should know that multivitamins vary widely in quality, "says Tod Cooperman, M.D., President of ConsumerLab.com.

News Release

January 13, 2009

ConsumerLab.com reports largest test of CoQ10 and ubiquinol supplements -- Most supplements provide claimed ingredient, but large variation in dosage and forms may confuse consumers. ConsumerLab.com provides guidance.

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — JANUARY 13, 2009 — A report by ConsumerLab.com on supplements containing the anti-oxidant CoQ10 shows the difficulty for consumers in determining an appropriate dosage.

News Release

January 08, 2008

ConsumerLab.com finds most potassium supplements meet quality standards, but one with only 18% of ingredient — Results for 12 potassium supplements in new review

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — JANUARY 8, 2008 — A new report on the quality of potassium supplements was released by ConsumerLab.com today. Tests showed one product to contain only 18% of the claimed amount of this essential mineral.

News Release

October 30, 2007

Recently tested magnesium supplements free of lead, but one product missing most of its ingredient according to ConsumerLab.com — First Major Product Review of Potential "Life-Extending" Ingredient

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — OCTOBER 30, 2007 — ConsumerLab.com reported today that its tests of magnesium supplements revealed one product to contain only 46.4% of its claimed amount of the essential mineral, despite boasting a "GMP" (Good Manufacturing Practices) seal on its label.

News Release

October 20, 2006

ConsumerLab.com report on CoQ10 supplements finds quality high but large range in suggested dosage

WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — OCTOBER 20, 2006 — New test results from ConsumerLab.com for CoQ10 supplements show that all of the products selected contained amounts of ingredient consistent with their labels.

News Release

July 16, 2002

ConsumerLab.com finds lead contamination remains a problem for certain mineral supplements — Lead found in iron, magnesium and, most recently, potassium pills

WHITE PLAINS, NY — July 16, 2002 — ConsumerLab.com announced today that its testing has shown that approximately 5% to 10 % of certain mineral supplements are contaminated with lead. The findings are based on ConsumerLab.

Recalls & Warnings

November 03, 2025

Salmonella Outbreak Prompts Recall of Sam’s Club Member’s Mark Super Greens

On October 31, 2025, the FDA announced a recall of all lots of Member’s Mark Super Greens dietary supplement powder after the supplement was linked to a multistate outbreak of Salmonella illness.

Recalls & Warnings

September 15, 2025

Lead Found in Organic Ground Cinnamon

On September 12, 2025, the FDA warned consumers not to buy or use Jiva Organics Organic Cinnamon Powder because it contains elevated levels of lead. The FDA warned consumers that exposure to this product could be unsafe. Testing by the agency found Jiva Organics to contain 2.

Recalls & Warnings

July 16, 2025

Organic and Mineral Sunscreens, Tints, Recalled

On March 12, 2025, Kabana Skin Care recalled four brands of organic and/or mineral sunscreen products due to unspecified "deviations" in Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs).

News Release

July 10, 2002

Pharmavite dietary supplements receive ConsumerLab.com approval — Vitamin E, SAM-e, St. John's Wort, Ginkgo and others merit approved quality products ranking

WHITE PLAINS, NY — July 10, 2002 — ConsumerLab.

Recalls & Warnings

June 25, 2025

Topo Chico Mineral Water Recalled Due to Potential Bacterial Contamination

On May 28, 2025, The Coca-Cola Company initiated a recall of 241 cases of Topo Chico Mineral Water Carbonated due to the potential for contamination with Pseudomonas bacteria.

Recalls & Warnings

January 15, 2026

Super Greens Supplement Powders Linked to Salmonella Outbreak

On January 14, 2026, the FDA warned consumers not to use Live It Up Super Greens powder (Original and Wild Berry flavors) with expiration dates from 08/2026 to 01/2028, because it has been linked with a multistate outbreak of Salmonella illness.

Recalls & Warnings

September 23, 2024

Lactaid Milk Recalled Due to Allergen

On September 20, 2024, HP Hood LLC voluntarily recalled five SKUs of refrigerated Lactaid Milk due to the product potentially containing trace amounts of almond, which is not declared on the label. No illness has been reported to date.

Recalls & Warnings

August 06, 2014

Seller of Mineral and Joint Supplements Warned for Manufacturing Violations and Drug Claims

On July 25, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Mezotrace Corporation following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including Calcium/Magnesium Natural Minerals & Trace Elements, Calcium/Magnesium Natural Minerals & Trace Elements with Vitamin D, and Calcium/Magnesium ...

Recalls & Warnings

October 11, 2023

Family Sentenced to Over 12 Years in Prison for Selling Dangerous “Bleach” Miracle Mineral Solution as “COVID Cure”

Four Florida men who distributed the toxic bleach solution Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) as a cure for COVID-19 and other serious medical conditions have been sentenced to 5 to 12 years in prison for conspiring to defraud the United States.

Recalls & Warnings

July 18, 2018

Maker of Vitamin B12 and Multimineral Supplements Warned by FDA

On July 6, 2018, the FDA issued a warning letter to Aegle Nutrition, LLC, following a facility inspection which found some of the company's products, including Tropical Oasis Ionized Trace Minerals, Tropical Oasis Ultra Methyl B12, and Tropical Oasis Premium Vitamin B12 to be ...

Recalls & Warnings

October 15, 2020

FDA Warns Five Sellers of Dangerous Cesium Salt Supplements

On October 9, the FDA issued warning letters to five companies for selling products containing cesium chloride. The FDA has previously warned consumers not to use dietary supplements containing cesium chloride or any other cesium salt.

Recalls & Warnings

April 03, 2023

SimplyProtein Bars Recalled Due to Undeclared Cashews

On March 31, 2023, Wellness Natural USA Inc. issued a voluntary recall of a single lot of SimplyProtein Peanut Butter Chocolate Crispy Bars because they contain undeclared trace of tree nuts (cashews).

Recalls & Warnings

October 08, 2016

Seller of Cell Power and Super Silica Warned for Manufacturing Violations, Misbranding

On September 23, 2016, the FDA issued a warning letter to SSO, Inc.

Recalls & Warnings

October 25, 2016

Seller of Liquid Aloe & Mineral Supplement Warned for Manufacturing Violations

On August 10, 2016, the FDA issued a warning letter to Perfect Source Natural Products Inc.

Recalls & Warnings

June 12, 2013

Biotin Supplement Found To Contain Only 4% to 5% of Labeled Amount

On May 22, 2013, the FDA issued a warning letter to Metaugus, Inc., following a facility inspection which found the company’s BIOTIN 3,000 mcg to be misbranded. The product's label was found to be false and misleading, and did not provide information required by federal regulations.

Recalls & Warnings

August 07, 2021

Poppy Seed Tea, Unwashed Poppy Seeds Pose Risk of Overdose, Death

Unwashed poppy seeds can be contaminated with significant, even dangerous levels of opioid compounds that can cause serious adverse effects, overdose and death.

Recalls & Warnings

December 26, 2010

Four Probiotic Products in Canada May Pose Serious Health Risks to Those with Milk or Soy Allergies

On December 24, 2010, Health Canada (the Canadian health ministry) advised consumers with milk or soy allergies that four probiotic natural health products are being voluntarily recalled from the market because they are labelled as not containing dairy (milk) and/or soy but may contain trace ...

Recalls & Warnings

June 24, 2014

CELLFOOD Recalled in Canada

On June 23, 2014, Health Canada recalled CELLFOOD (Nu Science), a supplement promoted for improved energy, endurance and natural health, because it was found to be an unauthorized health product.

Recalls & Warnings

December 11, 2020

Seller of "Dr. Hotze's Immune Pak" Products Warned for COVID-19 Claims

Seller of "Dr. Hotze's Immune Pak" Products Warned for Coronavirus Claims 

Recalls & Warnings

December 02, 2014

Seller of Energy & Joint Supplements, Aloe, Silver and More Warned for Drug Claims

On November 24, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Jansen Enterprises, LLC, dba HealthWorksUSA, following an inspection of the company's website which found statements made about Nutra Blast Natural Energy, Ionic Silver Water, Nutra Complete, and Nutra Gel to be drug claims. 

Recalls & Warnings

August 29, 2013

Seller of CELLFOOD Supplements Warned For Manufacturing Violations and Drug Claims

On August 1, 2013, the FDA issued a warning letter to supplement retailer Lumina Health Products, Inc.

Recalls & Warnings

March 12, 2016

FDA Finds Problems at 58% of Supplement Manufacturing Sites in U.S. and Abroad

ConsumerLab.com has obtained results of the FDA's inspections in Fiscal Year 2015 (ending September 30) of 483 dietary supplement manufacturing facilities, showing that most -- 58.2% -- received letters indicating noncompliance with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs).

Recalls & Warnings

July 14, 2020

Sellers of Miracle Mineral Solution Criminally Charged With Making Coronavirus Claims

On July 8, 2020, federal prosecutors charged the sellers of Miracle Mineral Solution, a toxic bleach solution marketed as a cure for coronavirus (COVID-19), with conspiracy to defraud the United States, conspiracy to violate the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, and criminal contempt.

Recalls & Warnings

April 26, 2021

Family Indicted for Selling Dangerous "Bleach" Miracle Mineral Solution As "COVID" Cure

Four Florida men have been indicted by a Miami federal grand jury on charges of fraudulently marketing and selling the toxic bleach solution Miracle Mineral Solution (MMS) as a cure for COVID-19 and other serious medical conditions, such as cancer, Alzheimer's, diabetes, autism, malaria, ...

Recalls & Warnings

June 16, 2020

Seller of Silver, Arginine, and More Warned for Manufacturing Violations

On June 1, 2020, the FDA issued a warning letter to Morningstar Minerals LLC, which found the company's products, including Silver Boost, to be adulterated because they were prepared, packed, or held under conditions that violate Current Good Manufacturing Practices for dietary ...

Recalls & Warnings

March 28, 2008

FDA Warns of Adverse Reactions with Two Liquid Supplements -- Selenium Toxicity Possible

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is advising consumers not to purchase or consume Total Body Formula in the flavors of Tropical Orange and Peach Nectar, or Total Body Mega Formula in the Orange/Tangerine flavor.

Recalls & Warnings

August 09, 2010

FDA Warns Against "Miracle" Mineral Supplement

On July 30, 2010, The U.S. FDA warned consumers not to consume or use Miracle Mineral Solution, an oral liquid solution also known as "Miracle Mineral Supplement" or "MMS." The product, when used as directed, produces an industrial bleach that can cause serious harm to health.

Recalls & Warnings

September 05, 2015

Maker of Multivitamin and Fish Oil Warned for Manufacturing Violations

On July 22, 2015, the FDA issued a warning letter to Westar Nutritional Corp. dba Viva Life Science, Inc.

Recalls & Warnings

March 10, 2015

Seller of Vision Supplements Warned for Manufacturing Violations, Drug Claims

On February 26, 2015, the FDA issued a warning letter to Biosyntrx, following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including BioTears Oral Gel Caps, ZoOmega-3 Concentrated Pharmaceutical-Grade Fish Oil, EpiCor A Nutrient-dense High Metabolite Immunogen, Sight C+ Mineral ...

Recalls & Warnings

March 08, 2007

FTC Files Against Maker of Calcium and Fertility Supplements

On January 29, 2007, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced that it had filed civil contempt charges against Lane Labs, Inc.

Recalls & Warnings

January 17, 2006

FDA Warns Consumers about Brazilian Diet Pills Found to Contain Active Drug Ingredients

On January 13,2006, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warned consumers not to use two unapproved drug products that are being marketed as dietary supplements for weight loss.

Recalls & Warnings

March 13, 2020

FDA Finds Problems at 52% of Supplement Manufacturing Sites in U.S. and 42% Abroad

ConsumerLab.com has obtained results of the FDA's inspections in Fiscal Year 2019 (October 1, 2018 - September 30, 2019) of 598 dietary supplement manufacturing facilities in the U.S.

Recalls & Warnings

August 12, 2019

Miracle Mineral Solution Is Dangerous, Warns FDA

On August 12, 2019, the FDA warned consumers not to buy or use Miracle Mineral Solution or other "Miracle" or "Master" solution products containing sodium chlorite because they can dangerous and even life-threatening reactions.

Recalls & Warnings

October 01, 2019

Lead and Arsenic Found in Multi Mineral & Vitamin Supplement

On September 30, 2019, Cellect Products Inc. and Oglethorpe Ltd. issued a recall of one lot of Cellect®, Essentials Factor® Multi Mineral & Vitamin Supplement Unflavored Powder Mix because it was found to contain unsafe levels of lead and arsenic.

Recalls & Warnings

November 06, 2014

Seller of Prostate, Heart Supplements and More Warned for Drug Claims

On October 9, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Health Research Laboratories, LLC/New World Health, following a review of the company's websites, which found statements made about AtheChel Advanced, Betarol, BioTherapex, Omega-3 Cardio Plus, RejuvaLifeRx, and Ultimate Health Formula to be ...

Recalls & Warnings

August 08, 2013

Sleep Supplement Recalled Due To Undeclared Drugs

On August 7, 2013, Health and Beyond LLC issued a voluntary recall of dietary supplement Tranquility because it was found to contain traces of undeclared drugs, Doxepin and Chlorpromazine.

Recalls & Warnings

March 28, 2014

Nutrition Bars Recalled Due to Allergen Risk

On March 27, 2014, Clif Bar & Company issued a voluntary recall of a small number of 15-count boxes of Chocolate Chunk LUNA Bars because they contain undeclared macadamia nut butter.

Recalls & Warnings

March 30, 2019

FDA Warns Seller of Reishi, Joint Supplements, Ginseng & More for Pesticides, Other Violations

On March 12, 2019, the FDA issued a warning letter to Yanqing "Michael" Li and Chang Su, owners of the website http://www.woohoonatural.

Recalls & Warnings

July 16, 2016

Ikea Expands Recall of Chocolate Bars

On July 6, 2016, IKEA expanded its recall of certain CHOKLAND chocolate bars to include additional chocolate bars, including certain GODIS chocolate bars, because they contain undeclared milk, hazelnuts and/or almonds.

Recalls & Warnings

July 02, 2016

Ikea Recalls Dark Chocolate Bars Due to Allergen Risk

On June 24, 2016, IKEA issued a recall of certain CHOKLAD MÖRK and CHOKLAD MÖRK 70% dark chocolate bars because they contain undeclared milk, hazelnuts and almonds.

Recalls & Warnings

May 06, 2017

Herbalife Protein Bar Recalled

On May 1, 2017, Herbalife issued a recall of certain lots of its Protein Bar -- Peanut Butter nutrition bars because it may contain a trace amount of fish gelatin which contains a small amount of parvalbumin, a fish allergen.

Recalls & Warnings

January 14, 2017

Dark Chocolate Bar Recalled Due to Allergen Risk

People with an allergy to milk these bars as they could cause an allergic reaction, which can be life-threatening. Recalled Chip'n Dipped Dark Chocolate Crunch chocolate bars were distributed nationwide in retail stores and can be identified by the following:

Recalls & Warnings

September 26, 2014

Sellers of Essential Oils Warned for Claiming to Treat Ebola, Other Diseases

On September 22, 2014, the FDA issued a warning to Young Living following a review of websites, Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter accounts owned by Young Living distributors, which found statements made about the company's essential oils, including Thieves, Cinnamon Bark, Oregano, ImmuPower, ...

Recalls & Warnings

March 13, 2013

Recall: Male Sexual Enhancement Supplement Containing Drugs

On March 12, 2013, Green Planet, Inc. issued a recall of one lot of the male sexual performance enhancer supplement Night Bullet because it was found to contain trace amounts of sulfohydroxyhomosildenafil and aminotadalafil, analogues of the prescription drug sildenafil.

Recalls & Warnings

February 25, 2013

Nutrition Shake Recalled Due To Undeclared Allergen

On February 22, 2013, Herbalife International of America issued a voluntary recall of certain lots of Instant Healthy Meal Nutritional Shake Mix packets which are labeled as dairy-free but may contain trace amounts of milk proteins.

Recalls & Warnings

February 12, 2015

Many Dark Chocolate Bars Found to Contain Undeclared Milk

On February 11, 2015, the FDA announced its study of dark chocolate bars found many - including some which did not list milk as an ingredient or were labeled as "dairy-free" or "allergen-free," to contain milk.

Recalls & Warnings

July 01, 2002

Recall of Nature's Way Nettle Product Due to Lead Contamination

On June 28, 2002 Nature's Way Products recalled four lots of an herbal allergy-relief dietary supplement due to excessive amounts of lead in the product.

Recalls & Warnings

March 04, 2008

Two Supplements Recalled for Containing Viagra-like Compounds

On March 4, 2008, the FDA posted a release from Palo Alto Labs (dated February 28) announcing a voluntary nationwide recall of the company's supplement products sold under the name Aspire36 and Aspire Lite.

Recalls & Warnings

July 19, 2010

FDA Warns of Drug in Herbal Slimming Supplement

On July 19, 2010, the U.S. FDA issued a safety warning to consumers regarding Slim-30 Herb Supplement. FDA analysis of the product found it to contain undeclared N-Desmethyl Sibutramine and traces of Sibutramine. Sibutramine is an FDA-approved drug used as an appetite suppressant for weight loss.

Recalls & Warnings

April 29, 2012

FDA Says DMAA Can't Be Sold as a Supplement -- Warns Sellers

On April 27, 2012, the U.S.

Recalls & Warnings

January 17, 2012

Recall of Calcium-Vitamin D Product That's Actually Glucosamine -- Allergy Alert

As published on the U.S. FDA's website, Rexall Inc. announced a recall on January 16, 2012 of Rexall Calcium 1200 mg plus 1000 IU Vitamin D3, 60 softgels. The affected bottles actually contain a TABLET product, Triple Strength Glucosamine Chondroitin and MSM Tablets.

Recalls & Warnings

October 29, 2016

Miracle Mineral Solution Danger

The husband of a woman who died hours after drinking the liquid supplement Miracle Mineral Solution in 2009 believes the supplement caused her death, according a recent ABC News article and feature segment on ABC's 20/20 in October 2016.

Recalls & Warnings

July 08, 2015

Marketer Prohibited From Promoting Mineral "Cure" For Autism

Kerri Rivera, author of "Healing the Symptoms Known As Autism," has signed an agreement with the Illinois Attorney General which prohibits her from promoting Miracle Mineral Supplement (MMS) as a cure for autism.

Recalls & Warnings

August 09, 2012

Makers of Mineral Water Containing Lithium Warned

On July 20, 2012, the FDA issued a warning letter to Lithia Mineral Water, Inc. declaring Lithia mineral water product to be an approved drug following a 2011 facility inspection.

Recalls & Warnings

October 21, 2014

Seller of Weight Loss, Saw Palmetto Supplements and More Warned for Drug Claims

On October 9, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Bethel Nutritional Consulting, Inc., following a review of the company's website which found statements made about 15 Day Detox Diet, Alpha Lipoic Acid. 300 mg.

Recalls & Warnings

September 09, 2011

Possible Concern with Fenugreek Based on Contamination in Europe

Products made with fenugreek, including pills containing fenugreek seed, have been pulled from shelves in Germany due to conern over potential contamination with E. coli bacteria. There is no such action in the U.S., but ConsumerLab.

Recalls & Warnings

June 13, 2014

FDA Warns "Chelation" Supplements Are Unsafe

On June 12, 2014, the FDA warned consumers not to buy or use "heavy metal chelation" supplements Captomer or Captomer-25 (by Thorne Research), because they contain DMSA (meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid).

Recalls & Warnings

July 19, 2012

FDA Warns Company Selling Mineral Supplements as Treatments

On June 28, 2012, the FDA issued a warning letter to Prismic Light International for multiple Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) violations, promoting dietary supplements as drugs, and misbranding products.