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CL Answer

PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances): How can I avoid PFAS in dental floss, food, water, and other products?

Some brands of dental floss may contain potentially toxic chemicals known as PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances). Get the details and learn which floss and pick products are our Top Picks.

Toxic PFAS Chemicals in Dental Floss -- Woman Looking at Dental Floss

Product Review

Water Filter Pitchers Review

See the Best Pitchers For Different Filtering Needs

Product Update

2/17/2026

Phthalates, PFAS in Women's Multis

A recent study detected phthalates (plasticizer chemicals) and PFAS ("forever chemicals") in popular women's multivitamins. Should you worry? Get the facts in our Multivitamins Review, which includes our Top Picks.

Clinical Update

2/13/2024

Exposure to Forever Chemicals

Learn about a tool to help you estimate your exposure to PFAS ("forever chemicals") and ways to reduce exposure. For details, see the PFAS section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our Top Picks for removing PFAS.

Clinical Update

9/19/2023

Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher & PFAS

Does Clearly Filtered Water Pitcher do a good job removing PFAS ("forever chemicals") from tap water? Find out in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, which includes our Top Picks for removing PFAS as well as chlorine, arsenic, microbes, and more.

Clinical Update

2/21/2024

Forever Chemicals in Tea?

A recently published study found an association between intake of "unsweetened" tea and higher blood levels of PFAS ("forever chemicals"). Should you be concerned? See the details in the Concerns and Cautions section of our Green Tea Review, which includes our recent Top Picks among products.

Also find out if "plant-based" plastic tea bags may be less likely to release microplastics than regular plastic or nylon tea bags.

A new video explaining how to choose the best green tea is also now available.

Clinical Update

6/21/2024

Water Pitcher Filters Compared

Recent tests of Aquagear, Brita, Clearly Filtered, and Zerowater filter pitchers revealed big differences in how well they remove PFAS ("forever chemicals") from tap water. Get the details in the Top Picks section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.

Clinical Update

12/19/2024

Flosses & Picks Without PFAS

Does Reach POP dental floss contain PFAS ("forever chemicals"). How about TePe floss and dental picks? Find out in our article about avoiding PFAS.

Clinical Update

2/18/2025

PFAS in Oral-B?

Does Oral-B Glide Advanced Bacteria Defense Floss contain PFAS (“forever chemicals”)? Find out in our article about PFAS, which includes our Top Picks among flosses, dental picks, and dental tapes, and information for more than 85 different products.

Clinical Update

3/27/2025

A Way to Remove Forever Chemicals?

Does consuming oat β-glucan reduce levels of toxic PFAS ("forever chemicals") in the body? See what a recent analysis found in the Benefits of Oats section of our Oats Review, which includes our Top Picks for rolled ("old-fashioned") and steel-cut oats.

Also see our Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing PFAS from water, and our article about avoiding PFAS in food, water, and other products.

Clinical Update

5/29/2025

"Forever Chemicals" In Green Tea?

Testing by a separate research group identified detectable levels of PFAS ("forever chemicals") in one-third of popular brands of green tea, according to a recent report. Get the details, and see our take on the evidence, in the Concerns and Cautions section of our Green Tea Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for green tea bags, matcha powder, and green tea supplements.

Product Update

9/05/2025

PFAS in Sparkling Waters

PFAS ("forever chemicals") were recently reported in some sparkling water products. Learn more and how the results compared to seltzer made with at-home "soda machines" in our article about PFAS.

Product Review

Green Tea Review: Tea Bags, Loose Leaf Tea, Matcha Powders, and Supplements

Some green teas provide barely any green tea polyphenols, while some others are high strength. See the Test Results and Our Top Picks for Green Tea.

Green Tea Review 2024

Clinical Update

7/21/2023

More "Forever Chemicals" In U.S. Tap Water

Concentrations of "forever chemicals" in tap water samples from 18 states in the U.S. were recently reported. Learn more in our article about PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances).

For removing PFAS, see our Top Pick water filter pitcher and our Top Pick countertop reverse osmosis filter.

Clinical Update

5/20/2025

PFAS May Lower Vitamin Levels

Increased exposure to PFAS (“forever chemicals”) has been linked with decreased blood levels of certain vitamins, according to a recent review. Get the details in the Health Concerns with PFAS section of our article about avoiding PFAS.

Clinical Update

8/22/2025

PFAS in Fish

Are levels of forever chemicals (PFAS) higher in freshwater fish than in canned and packaged fish? Find out in our article about avoiding PFAS.

CL Answer

Is Bottled Water Better Than Tap Water?

Some people consider bottled water to be a favorable alternative to tap water, but is it really better? Find out how bottled water and tap water compare in terms of taste, mineral content, acidity, and contaminants such as microplastics and PFAS.

Woman holding glass of water next to bottle of water

Product Update

9/12/2025

Bamboo Floss?

Some people opt to use bamboo dental floss to reduce exposure to microplastics or "forever chemicals" (PFAS), but be aware bamboo flosses may still contain these compounds. Find out how to avoid this in the Dental products comparison section of our article about PFAS, which profiles bamboo flosses from Mother Earth (ME), No Tox Life, Dental Lace, and others.

Product Update

11/27/2025

Green Tea & “Forever Chemicals”

Levels of "forever chemicals" (PFAS) were recently measured in several popular brands of green tea. Find out how they fared in the Concerns and Cautions section of our Green Tea Review, which includes our Top Picks for green tea bags, matcha powder, and green tea supplements.

Clinical Update

7/18/2023

Filtering Out Forever Chemicals

PFAS, or “forever chemicals” are now in many water supplies and can have adverse health effects. Recent tests show how effective water filter pitchers are in filtering them out. See the results and our suggested Top Pick among them in our Water Filter Pitchers Review.

Product Review

Rolled Oats and Steel-Cut Oats Review

Find the Best Rolled and Steel-Cut Oats -- Beware of Unexpected Gluten.

Rolled and Steel Cut Oats 2024

Clinical Update

9/21/2021

PFAS Effects in Breast Milk

Higher concentrations of toxic chemicals known as PFAS in mothers appears to alter the fat composition of breast milk, according to a recent study. Learn more, including how this may affect infant growth, in our updated article about How to Avoid PFAS, which includes information about PFAS in dental floss, foods and bottled water.

Clinical Update

8/31/2021

PFAS in Processed Foods?

Researchers recently measured amounts of toxic chemicals called PFAS in processed foods sold throughout the U.S. See what they found in our updated article about PFAS in dental floss, water and foods.

Clinical Update

4/11/2023

PFAS in Drinking Water

The EPA recently proposed federal limits on PFAS, chemicals with potentially negative health effects, in drinking water. Get the details in our updated answer to the question: How can I avoid PFAS in dental floss, food, water, and other products?

Clinical Update

4/28/2023

PFAS in Dental Floss

A recent study of dental flosses found that 11 had a marker for PFAS, a class of compounds with health concerns. See the brands that might have PFAS and brands unlikely to have PFAS in our updated article about PFAS.

Clinical Update

12/13/2024

PFAS in Dental Products?

Do dental products from Stim-U-Dent or GUM contain PFAS? Find out in our article about PFAS, which includes our lists of flosses that may contain PFAS and flossing products that are unlikely to contain PFAS.

Clinical Update

12/16/2024

Oats and PFAS

Could consuming oat β-glucan reduce levels of toxic PFAS in the body? See what a recent study in mice found in the Benefits of Oats section of our new Oats Review, which includes our Top Picks for rolled ("old-fashioned") and steel-cut oats.

Also see our Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing PFAS from water, and our article about avoiding PFAS in food, water, and other products.

Clinical Update

5/05/2023

Do Water Filter Pitchers Really Remove PFAS?

In many parts of the U.S., drinking water exceeds proposed limits for potentially toxic PFAS compounds. How well do water filter pitchers remove PFAS? Find out in the PFAS section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.

Also see our Top Picks for water filter pitchers.

Clinical Update

5/12/2023

PFAS Levels & Adverse Effects

What blood level of PFAS has been linked with adverse effects, and does dental floss containing PFAS put one over that level? Find out in our updated article about PFAS.

Clinical Update

5/16/2023

PFAS Unlikely In These Flosses

Seven dental flosses were recently found to contain small amounts of a marker compound for PFAS but are unlikely to actually contain PFAS. Some other flosses, however, are likely to contain it. Details are in our article about PFAS.

Clinical Update

9/08/2023

Filtering PFAS from Tap Water

Using a water filter pitcher or other home water filter was linked to significantly lower blood levels of PFAS in a recent study. Get the details in our Water Filter Pitchers Review, and find out how water filter pitchers compare on removing PFAS, our Top Picks for removing PFAS, and our Top Picks for removing other substances in water.

Clinical Update

9/12/2023

PFAS in WooBamboo Floss?

Does WooBamboo floss contain PFAS? Find out in our article about PFAS, which includes dozens of flosses likely to not contain PFAS.

Clinical Update

7/14/2023

PFAS in Tap Water

A study of tap water in U.S. homes found that, in many cases, both public supply and private well water exceed the EPA’s proposed limits for PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). Get the details in our article about PFAS.

Find out which water filter pitchers claim to remove PFAS from water in our Water Filter Pitchers Review.

Clinical Update

6/21/2022

Drinking Water & PFAS

The EPA indicated last week that it intends to slash the amount of PFAS that can safely be in drinking water. Get the details in the Drinking Water section of our CL Answer about PFAS. Also see our information about water filters to remove PFAS.

Clinical Update

4/15/2022

Humidifiers & PFAS

Some types of humidifiers can add potentially dangerous PFAS to the air. Get the details in our updated answer about PFAS and how to avoid them.

Clinical Update

4/19/2022

CPAP Humidifiers & PFAS?

Can using a CPAP humidifier increase one's exposure to potentially dangerous PFAS? Find out in our updated answer about Avoiding PFAS.

Clinical Update

6/27/2023

PFAS in Kroger Floss?

Based on questions from our members, ConsumerLab reached out to Kroger to find out if its waxed dental floss contains PFAS. Find out what we learned in our updated article about PFAS in dental floss and other products.

Clinical Update

5/09/2023

Filtering Out PFAS

We’ve added information about an add-on to Brita filters that claims to remove potentially dangerous PFAS from drinking water. See the PFAS section of our Water Filter Pitchers Review.

Also see our Top Picks among water filter pitchers.

Clinical Update

5/02/2023

Dental Flosses Without PFAS

We’ve added 5 more dental flosses to our list of those unlikely to contain PFAS, a class of compounds with health concerns. See the list in our article about PFAS.

Clinical Update

4/16/2024

PFAS Toxins in Drinking Water

Separately, the EPA recently finalized limits on PFAS in drinking water, but this gives water districts until 2029 to take corrective action. Learn more and see our Top Pick water filter pitcher for removing PFAS.

Clinical Update

12/05/2024

Reverse Osmosis Water Filters?

How well do reverse osmosis water filters remove toxic PFAS from water? Find out in the Water filters section of our article about PFAS, which includes our Top Pick countertop reverse osmosis filter based on our review of these filters (although we have not directly tested these products).

Clinical Update

4/16/2024

PFAS Toxins in Seafood

A recent study raised concern about high levels of PFAS in certain seafoods. Get the details in our Canned Fish Review, which includes our Top Picks among canned and packaged tuna, salmon, sardines, and herring.

Clinical Update

5/09/2023

Dental Brush vs Floss

Interdental brushes and toothpicks, such as The Doctor’s BrushPicks, may be easier for some people to use than floss. Learn more and find out which ones claim not to contain PFAS in our updated article about PFAS in Dental Products.

Clinical Update

9/02/2022

Toxin in Fish Oil Supplements?

Should you be concerned about toxic PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) in fish oil supplements? Find out what a recent study suggests in the Contaminants in Fish vs. Supplements section of our Fish Oil Supplements Review.

Also see our CL Answer about PFAS.

Clinical Update

5/22/2021

Possible Toxin in Straws

Potentially toxic compounds known as PFAS occur in some brands of dental floss and a variety of other products. A new report indicates that PFAS are also in certain drinking straws. Find out more.

CL Answer

Do water filters remove microplastics from tap water?

Find out if water filter pitchers and faucet mounted filters from Brita, Pur, Lifestraw and other brands remove microplastics from tap water.

Water Filters for Microplastics -- water filter pitcher pouring water into glass

Clinical Update

7/14/2023

Countertop Reverse Osmosis Filters

Although not tested, we also reviewed countertop reverse osmosis water filters for removing PFAS. See which is our Top Pick.

Clinical Update

9/06/2023

CL’s Top Picks for Dental Floss

We've chosen our Top Picks for dental floss, floss picks, and dental tape in our updated article about avoiding PFAS in dental products.

CL Answer

Where to Safely Buy Real Water Filters Online, Not Fakes or Counterfeits

ConsumerLab explains how to avoid counterfeit water filters when shopping online on Amazon, Walmart.com, and other sites. Learn to identify authorized sites and sellers and avoid fake filters. Use the brand-by-brand guide to protect yourself from risk.

Counterfeit Water Filters

Product Update

1/05/2026

Dental Floss Changes

Oral-B Glide has officially ditched "forever chemicals" from its flosses. Find out what they’re now made of and how they compare to older versions in our article about "forever chemicals" in floss and other products.

Clinical Update

12/01/2023

Dental Tape vs. Floss

Find out if dental tape or dental floss is better for cleaning teeth, and get our take on drTung’s Smart Floss and if it is a Top Pick.

Also find out if toothbrushes, GUM dental picks, or Listerine flossers contain PFAS.

Clinical Update

3/01/2024

Loss of Minerals with Reverse Osmosis

Reverse osmosis water filtration depletes water of minerals. Is it necessary to add minerals back? Find out in our article about reducing exposure to PFAS, which includes our Top Pick countertop reverse osmosis filter.

Also see our Water Pitcher Filters Review.

Clinical Update

5/08/2025

Caution With Interdental Brushes

Find out why toothpaste should not be applied to interdental brushes (small brushes that go between teeth) in our article about dental products. Also see our Top Pick for interdental brushes/toothpicks in our article about avoiding PFAS in dental floss.

Clinical Update

11/21/2023

New Dental Floss Top Pick

We’ve selected a new Top Pick for dental floss. Find out why in the Top Picks section of our article about avoiding PFAS in dental products.

CL Answer

Is drinking coffee good or bad for heart health?

Learn more about coffee and caffeine, its safety, if it's good for you, how much coffee is too much and its impact on your heart.

Clinical Update

4/21/2023

Five More Water Filter Pitchers Tested

We tested five more water filter pitchers (Aquagear, Berkey, Brita, Kirkland, and LifeStraw) and found surprising results.

While all did an excellent job of removing the heavy metals lead, cadmium, and mercury, pitchers varied dramatically in their ability to remove chlorine, (which affects taste), fluoride, arsenic, total dissolved solids (TDS), and microplastic particles. Be aware that some pitchers actually increase the amount of microplastics in water after filtering!

See our Top Picks for:

The Review also shows which additional contaminants products claim to reduce (such as PFAS, solvents, and microbes), explains why you shouldn't drink the first few pitchers of water when using a new filter, and what to do if your water pitcher is unusually slow.

See the Water Filter Pitchers Review and our video about it.

CL Answer

What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?

We’ve boiled down the latest research about mineral and chemical sunscreens, including product tests, to help you choose the best sunscreen (which will depend on whether you expect to be in or out of the water). We also list popular sunscreens that have, or have not, been found to contain cancer-causing compounds (benzene and benzophenone).

Carcinogens in Sunscreens - Bottle of sunscreen with a question mark

Clinical Update

8/02/2022

More Sunscreen Recalled Due to Benzene

Another popular brand of sunscreen has been recalled due to contamination with the toxic chemical benzene. Get the details and see the amounts of benzene found in more than 200 popular sun products in our updated article What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?

Also see our list of safer sunscreen products.

Recalls & Warnings

December 19, 2024

Force Forever Joint Pain Supplement Recalled

On December 12, 2024, GNMart INC recalled all lots of Force Forever, a supplement promoted for joint pain, because FDA tests found it to contain undeclared diclofenac and dexamethasone.

News Release

May 03, 2023

Best Water Filter Pitchers In 2023 According to ConsumerLab Tests

White Plains, New York, May 3, 2023 — ConsumerLab tests of popular counter-top water filter pitchers show there are wide variations in the amounts of fluoride, arsenic, and microplastics these products remove from drinking water – in fact, some filter pitchers were found to increase the amount of ...

News Release

April 14, 2010

ConsumerLab.com reports most St. John's wort supplements fail quality tests -- An effective antidepressant herb but heavy metal contamination and low potency are concerns

White Plains, New York — April 14, 2010 — St. John's wort has been shown to be effective in treating mild to moderate forms of major depression, but a new report from ConsumerLab.com shows that few of the herbal supplement brands recently tested met quality standards. Among the ten St.

Recalls & Warnings

June 13, 2022

Homeopathic Nasal Spray SnoreStop Recalled Due to Microbial Contamination

On June 9, 2022, Green Pharmaceuticals Inc issued a voluntary nationwide recall of one lot of its SnoreStop NasoSpray, a homeopathic nasal spray promoted to reduce snoring, due to the presence of Providencia rettgeri, a bacterium that can cause severe illness in some people.

Recalls & Warnings

December 11, 2020

Goldenseal Recalled Due to Microbial Contamination

On December 4, 2020, WishGarden Herbs, Inc. issued a recall of 14 lots of Cord Care Powder and Goldenseal Powder because they were manufactured using ingredients that were potentially contaminated with the bacterium Cronobacter sakazakii.

Recalls & Warnings

November 21, 2014

Weight Loss Supplements Recalled

On November 19, 2014, REFA Enterprises, LLC issued a voluntary recall of one lot each of Forever Beautiful Bee Pollen and Forever Beautiful Infinity because they were found to contain sibutramine or a combination of sibutramine and phenolphthalein.