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Product Review
Nutritional Yeast Review
Inaccurate Labeling Discovered on Most Nutritional Yeasts. Best Fortified and Non-Fortified Products Identified.
Product Review
B Vitamin Supplements Review (B Complexes, B6, B12, Biotin, Folate, Niacin, Riboflavin & More)
See Our Top Picks and Which 5 Failed Testing
CL Answer
What is the best sunscreen based on safety and efficacy?
We’ve boiled down the latest research about mineral and chemical sunscreens, including product tests, to help you choose the best sunscreen (which will depend on whether you expect to be in or out of the water). We also list popular sunscreens that have, or have not, been found to contain cancer-causing compounds (benzene and benzophenone).
CL Answer
Supplements for Eczema: Some May Help, While Others Don’t
Certain supplements may reduce symptoms of atopic dermatitis (the most common form of eczema), while others don't seem to work. Find out if gamma-linolenic acid, L-histidine, phytoceramides, probiotics, and other supplements may be beneficial.
CL Answer
Can any supplements reverse gray hair?
Nearly 75% of adults aged 45 to 65 are affected by gray hair. Learn about what causes gray hair and find out if any supplements can help.
CL Answer
What's the Best Way to Take Vitamin B-12? Dosage and Absorption Tips
Discover the optimal dosage and ways to take vitamin B-12, an essential nutrient, for better absorption and effectiveness and learn about possible side effects.
CL Answer
What B-vitamin complex do you recommend for older people?
Vitamin B complex supplement recommendations, benefits and top rated brands for older people and all ages.
CL Answer
I thought the B vitamins were all water soluble and did not build up in the body, so you would not build up toxic levels. Am I wrong?
Learn more about water-soluble B vitamins including niacin, B6, B12 and folic acid, and why taking too much of these vitamins can be toxic. See the symptoms of overdose and toxicity from B vitamins. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.
CL Answer
Can taking B vitamin supplements help protect against mosquito bites?
Find out if taking B vitamin supplements can reduce the attraction of mosquitoes to people.
CL Answer
Can taking too much vitamin B-6 be dangerous?
Find out if multivitamins contain excessive amounts of B-6, how much B-6 is too much, and symptoms of toxicity and overdose.
CL Answer
Is sublingual vitamin B-12, which is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve, really better than the pill form?
Learn the difference between sublingual vitamin B-12, vitamin B-12 pills and more through information including clinical evidence.
CL Answer
Which foods are a good source of B vitamins?
Find out which foods are a good source of B vitamins (like folate and B-12) and when you should take Vitamin B supplements.
CL Answer
Which supplements can help treat anemia? Do any supplements cause a low red blood cell count?
Find out which vitamin and nutrient supplements can help prevent and treat anemia in people who are nutrient deficient and learn which supplements may cause low blood cell counts, especially when used in excess.
CL Answer
Can taking too much vitamin B-12 be dangerous? The label on my B-complex states it contains 50,000% of the Daily Value!
Find out the daily value for vitamin B-12 and the potential side effects of taking too much B-12. ConsumerLab explains why taking too much vitamin B-12 can be harmful.
CL Answer
I'm over 50 and looking to take a vitamin B-12 supplement. Many contain a form of vitamin B-12 called cyanocobalamin, yet I read on the Internet that this form is toxic. Should I be concerned?
Looking to see if the cyanocobalamin form of vitamin B-12 is safe? Read research and safety information on ConsumerLab's report.
CL Answer
Does Gynostemma pentaphyllum really work as an AMPK activator and help for diabetes, high cholesterol, or weight loss?
Find out if Gynostemma pentaphyllum ( jiaogulan) works as an AMPK activator and helps to lower blood sugar and treat diabetes. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.
CL Answer
I was told I have a MTHFR gene mutation. Do I need to take methylated forms of B vitamins, such as methylfolate and methylcobalamin?
MTHFR gene mutation can impact B vitamin bioavailability. Learn more about this and which deficiencies are more likely to occur.
CL Answer
Is P-5-P really better than "regular" vitamin B6?
Learn more about pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P-5-P) and vitamin B6.
CL Answer
Desiccated Beef Liver and Beef Organ Supplements: Nutrition & Safety
Description of desiccated beef liver, including what it is used for, its nutrient content, and safety concerns.
CL Answer
Do any supplements or foods help prevent sunburn or skin damage from sun exposure? Can any increase your risk of sun-related skin damage?
Find out which supplements may help protect from sunburn and sun-related skin damage, including beta-carotene, vitamins A and C, and cocoa.
CL Answer
Supplements That May Be Needed When Following a Gluten-Free Diet
Find out if supplements such as folate, vitamin B-12, niacin, thiamin, iron, vitamin D, and/or fiber are needed when following a gluten-free diet. Also learn how to find gluten-free supplements on ConsumerLab.com.
CL Answer
What is Metafolin (5-methylfolate)? I see it in some supplements instead of folic acid. Is it better than folic acid?
Metafolin and Quatrefolic information - compare to folate and folic acid.
CL Answer
Which supplements are important after bariatric surgery (i.e., weight loss or stomach-reducing surgery)? Are there any I should avoid?
Find out which supplements may help after weight loss or stomach reducing surgery, including iron and calcium, and which should be avoided.
CL Answer
Are There Supplements That Help Treat POTS (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome)?
Find out which supplements and lifestyle changes may be helpful for people with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS).
CL Answer
Does WEEM Grow Hair and Is It Worth It?
WEEM Hair.Skin.Nails is marketed as a "clinically tested hair health blend.” Find out if it — or its ingredients — works for hair loss and if it's worth the price.
CL Answer
Does Qualia Mind boost memory and mental function and is it worth cost?
Learn about the ingredients in Qualia Mind, whether or not we think the formula works and is safe, and if we think it's worth the cost.
CL Answer
Do supplements help with Parkinson’s disease treatment or prevention?
Learn what has been shown with vitamins D and E, niacin, CoQ10, melatonin, creatine, SAMe, NAC, valerian, CoQ10, and CBD, as well as with coffee and the Mediterranean and MIND diets for treating and/or preventing Parkinson's disease.
CL Answer
Immuno 150: Does It Boost Immunity?
Immuno 150 by Exceptional Health Products is promoted for boosting the immune system, but does it work and is it worth its price? Find out.
CL Answer
What are "broad-spectrum micronutrient" supplements, and do they have greater health benefits than multivitamin/multimineral supplements?
Learn about "broad-spectrum micronutrients" and how they compare to multivitamin/multimineral supplements.
CL Answer
Does Provitalize work for weight loss and is it safe?
Find out if taking Provitalize, a probiotic supplement that also contains turmeric extract, moringa leaf extract, curry leaf extract and piperine (BioPerine), relieves joint pain, decreases abdominal fat, or helps with weight loss.
CL Answer
What are the symptoms of vitamin B6 deficiency?
Learn more about symptoms of B6 deficiency, who is more likely to be deficient in vitamin B6 as well as how much vitamin B6 you should be getting. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.
CL Answer
Top 8 vitamins and nutrients for vegetarians and vegans
Find out which 8 supplements may be needed by vegetarians or vegans to meet all their daily nutrient requirements and learn ways to find supplements that do not contain ingredients objectionable to people following vegetarian or vegan diets.
CL Answer
Does drinking coffee deplete vitamins or minerals, such as magnesium, in the body? Can adding magnesium or other minerals reduce the acidity or improve the flavor of coffee?
Coffee can reduce absorption or increase loss of certain vitamins and minerals. Find out which are affected, and what steps can be taken to reduce the effect of coffee on these nutrients.
CL Answer
Does Alpha Brain really improve memory, focus and cognition?
Find out if Alpha Brain really improves memory, focus and cognition. See the clinical evidence and get details about Alpha Brain ingredients, as well as potential side effects and drug interactions. ConsumerLab.com's answer explains.
CL Answer
Which vitamins and supplements are good for acne, and are there any that make it worse?
Information about supplements for acne and clearer skin. Plus, find out which vitamins and supplements can make acne worse.
CL Answer
Is Folic Acid the Same Thing as Folate?
There are important differences between folic acid and folate, including how well these forms of vitamin B-9 are absorbed, dosage, and how much is too much. Get the details, including what to look for on supplement labels, in our article about folic acid and folate.
CL Answer
Can prenatal vitamins have too much folic acid? Mine has 800 mcg, but isn't that more than what's recommended? Is this dangerous to me or my baby?
Is it possible for prenatal vitamins to have too much folic acid? Find out the correct dosage so that it is not dangerous to babies.
CL Answer
Which supplements reduce hearing loss?
Can supplements such as alpha-lipoic acid, magnesium, N-acetyl-cysteine, folate or vitamins B-12, C and/or E help prevent or improve symptoms among people with hearing loss due to excessive noise or aging? Find out what the clinical evidence shows, and learn whether Advanced Hearing Formula, a supplement marketed for ear health, is likely to help.
CL Answer
Supplements for multiple sclerosis (MS): Do any supplements reduce symptoms or relapse?
Find out if vitamins or supplements such as ginkgo, fish oil, biotin, vitamins A, C, E, D, and B12, or selenium reduce symptoms or relapse in people with multiple sclerosis (MS).
CL Answer
Is it better to get vitamins from foods or supplements, and are natural vitamins better than synthetic vitamins?
Learn more about the benefits of getting vitamins from food versus supplements, natural versus synthetic vitamins, and more.
Clinical Update
6/10/2017
Hip Fracture Risk With Too Much B-6
A new study found that older men and women who took a high daily dose of vitamin B-6 had a 42% increased risk of hip fracture. Get the details in the "Vitamin B-6" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, be aware that many supplements on the market contain the amount of B-6 used in this study, or more, in a daily serving! For help choosing a B-Complex or B-6 supplement that suits your needs without providing too much B-6, see our Top Picks among B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
3/19/2025
Bad B-12 Supplements Sold on Amazon
Eleven out of 23 vitamin B-12 supplements sold on Amazon and tested by a competing brand contained less B-12 than listed on labels, including two with no detectable B-12. Get the details in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12, B-complexes, and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
11/21/2024
Laughing Gas & B-12
Although rare, be aware that use of nitrous oxide (i.e. laughing gas), such as during a medical procedure, can inactivate vitamin B-12 in the body. Let medical professionals know if you are B-12 deficient. Get the details in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
12/09/2024
B-12 Plus Intrinsic Factor?
Do vitamin B-12 supplements with “intrinsic factor” boost blood levels of B-12 better than B-12 alone? Find out what research suggests in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12.
Clinical Update
2/22/2023
Symptoms of Too Much B-6
High doses of vitamin B-6 from supplements may cause adverse effects, even when doses do not exceed the established tolerable limit for B-6, as highlighted by a recently reported case. Learn about getting too much or too little vitamin B-6 in our B Vitamins Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B-6 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
8/25/2023
B-12 for Ringing Ears?
Low levels of B-12 have been linked with tinnitus (ringing in the ears) and other issues, but does taking B-12 reduce tinnitus? Find out in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Also see our article about supplements that may improve or worsen tinnitus.
Clinical Update
9/29/2025
Is Vitamin B-12 Better from Yeast?
Some supplements claim to contain the "methylcobalamin" form of vitamin B-12 from yeast. Is this better than other forms of vitamin B-12? Find out in the Forms of B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
12/24/2021
Oral Symptoms of B-12 Deficiency
Vitamin B-12 deficiency can cause a range of symptoms in the mouth, as described in a recent report. Learn about oral and other symptoms of B-12 deficiency in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
8/10/2021
Best Form of B-12 for Vegans?
What form of vitamin B-12 appeared best at raising B-12 levels among people on plant-based diets in a new study, and how did this compare to getting B-12 from plant-based foods? Find out in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12.
Clinical Update
7/13/2021
Hidden Forms of B-12 Deficiency
Vitamin B-12 deficiency can occur even in people with "normal" blood levels of B-12, as was most recently reported in a 30-year-old man. Learn more, including the wide range of symptoms of B-12 deficiency and information about testing for B-12 deficiency in our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B-12.
Clinical Update
2/15/2022
B-12 Deficiency and GI Symptoms
Severe vitamin B-12 deficiency can cause a range of gastrointestinal symptoms, as highlighted in a recent case. Learn about these and other symptoms of B-12 deficiency in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
8/25/2020
B-12 Supplements vs. Injections
Can taking a B-12 supplement work as well as an injection to correct vitamin B-12 deficiency? See what a new study found in the B-12 section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
6/27/2015
How Vitamin B-12 Causes Acne
Vitamin B-12 is a critical nutrient and many people, particularly those over 50, should supplement with B-12 to avoid deficiency. However, at doses higher than those used to prevent deficiency, B-12 may occasionally trigger acne. A new study appears to explain the B-12/acne connection. For details, see the "Cobalamin (B-12)" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
11/29/2019
B Vitamins for Cognition
Increasing vitamin B-12 intake by those deficient in B-12 can help slow age-related declines in memory and cognition, but the dose needs to be sufficient, as suggested by a recent study. For details see the Memory, Cognition, and Alzheimer's Disease section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B Vitamins.
Clinical Update
4/05/2022
B-12 Deficiency Can Cause Reversible Cognitive Decline
Treating B-12 deficiency improved rapid cognitive decline and stopped hallucinations in an older man, according to a recent report. Get the details in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
2/04/2022
Risk of Too Much B-12
It’s easy to get way more vitamin B-12 than one needs from supplements. Unfortunately, high blood levels of B-12 are being linked to higher risks of death and disease, as shown in a recent U.S. study. Get the details in the Upper Limit for B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, see our Top Pick among B-12 supplements.
Clinical Update
11/18/2020
B-12 for Singers
It is commonly believed that a shot of vitamin B-12 improves the performance of professional singers. A placebo-controlled study put this belief to the test. Get the results in the B-12 (cobalamin) section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins & complexes.
Clinical Update
6/05/2025
Too Much B-6 from Nuts
Getting too little vitamin-B-6 can cause serious problems, but getting too much vitamin B-6 can as well -- including from foods such as nuts -- as recently reported in two case reports. Get the details in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for vitamin B-6 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
8/29/2023
Symptoms of B-12 Deficiency
Be aware that vitamin B-12 deficiency can cause a range of side effects. Among these are low blood cell counts, as described in a recent case report. Get the details in the Symptoms of B-12 deficiency section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Also see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
10/31/2023
Can B-12 cause allergic reactions?
Although rare, vitamin B-12 can cause allergic reactions, but so can “inactive” ingredients in B-12 and other supplements. For details see the Risks of B-12 section of our Vitamin B-12 Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12.
Clinical Update
12/19/2023
Caution With High-Dose B Vitamins
Vitamin B-6: Regularly taking a higher than required dose of vitamin B-6 may cause nerve damage, as was recently reported. Get the details in the B-6 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Niacin: A large increase in niacin dosage may cause fainting, as was recently reported. Get the details in the Niacin section of our B-Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
7/15/2022
B Vitamins for Parkinson's?
People with Parkinson's disease tend to have lower levels of vitamin B-6 and B-12. Find out if supplementing with B-6 or B-12 is beneficial and whether B-6 can interfere with drugs for Parkinson's.
Clinical Update
6/13/2023
Vitamin B-12 Allergy
Rarely, vitamin B-12 supplementation can cause an allergic reaction, as highlighted by a recent case. Be aware of the risks of B-12 as explained in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
11/11/2022
Nutritional Yeast for B Vitamins?
Is nutritional yeast a good source of B-12 and other B vitamins? That depends on whether or not it is fortified. Get the details in the Getting B-12 from food section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes a list of foods containing B vitamins.
Clinical Update
6/07/2024
Oral B-12 for Deficiency?
Can taking vitamin B-12 by mouth treat B-12 deficiency, or are injections necessary? Find out what a recent study showed in the Oral B-12 vs Injection section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Pick for high-dose B-12.
Clinical Update
2/06/2025
Why High-Dose B-12?
A CL member asked why so many B-12 supplements contain very high doses of B-12, such as 1,000 mcg or more. Find out when this is, and isn't, appropriate in our article about B-12. Also see our B Vitamin Supplements Review for our Top Picks for vitamin B-12.
Clinical Update
5/20/2025
B-12 Deficiency
There are many possible causes of B-12 deficiency and a wide range of symptoms. A recent highlights the diverse symptoms in a man who underwent stomach surgery. Learn more in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
10/30/2011
B Vitamins May Help Memory
A recently published study of individuals aged 70 years or more with mild cognitive impairment found that a daily dose of three B vitamins (folic acid, vitamin B-12, and vitamin B-6) over 2 years appeared to slow cognitive and clinical decline, particularly in those who started with elevated levels of plasma homocysteine. See the B Vitamin Product Review for details including the dosage used. More >>
Clinical Update
9/21/2013
B Vitamin Supplements for Stroke?
A review of 14 clinical studies suggests that B vitamins may help prevent stroke. However, a deep reading of the report shows the benefit to be slight, at best. For details about the study, other uses of B vitamins (including B6, B-12, folic acid, niacin and complexes), and tests of these supplements, see the B Vitamin Supplements Review>>
Clinical Update
1/10/2017
Potential Risk with High B-12
Among people who are malnourished, those with elevated vitamin B-12 levels in their blood were twice as likely to die when hospitalized as those with lower B-12 levels, according to a new study. The study authors suggest caution with inappropriate supplementation. For more details about the study, and vitamin B-12, see the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
11/04/2017
B Vitamins for Memory
Many studies suggest that adequate intake of B vitamins slows age-related declines in memory and cognition. This was recently shown again in a study in England. Find out which B vitamins help, and how much you need, in the "What It Does" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >> [Also see our Top Picks for B vitamin supplements in the Review.]
Clinical Update
1/18/2022
B-12 Vitamin Deficiency and Darkening of the Skin
Low levels of vitamin B-12 can cause darkening of the skin, as evidenced in a recent case. Get the details and learn about other symptoms of B-12 deficiency in our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, see our Top Picks among B-12 supplements.
Clinical Update
12/23/2020
B-12 for Eczema?
Can vitamin B-12 deficiency worsen eczema and can supplementing with B12 help? Find out what happened in a recent case in the vitamin B-12 section of section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12.
Clinical Update
3/25/2022
B-12 Deficiency in Infants
Although not common, B-12 deficiency can occur in infants. A recent study showed common symptoms and risk factors. Learn about B-12 deficiency in infants as well as in men and women in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
6/28/2022
B-12 Deficiency & Stomach Surgery
Many people who have had bariatric (stomach-reducing) surgery need to supplement with B-12 and other B vitamins. Find out what happened to such a person who discontinued supplementation in the Vitamin B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
5/03/2022
Severe B-12 Deficiency Can Be Missed
B-12 deficiency can cause severe symptoms, even when B-12 levels in the blood are not low, as shown in a recent case. Find out why, and which tests can help, in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
4/07/2025
Caution With Vitamin B-6
Taking more than the recommended daily allowance of vitamin B-6 may cause nerve damage, according to recent case reports. Get the Details in the B-6 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Pick for B-6 (that should only be used if you’re deficient).
Clinical Update
6/14/2024
B-12 for Vegans
What happens when a vegan stops supplementing with B-12? Find out in the Vegan section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
8/15/2024
Best Way to Take B-12?
What’s the best way to take vitamin B-12? Find out more in our article about vitamin B-12. Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B-12 in our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
9/06/2024
Side Effect of High-Dose B-12
Although there is no established upper limit on intake of vitamin B-12, too much can cause a side effect noted in several case reports. Get the details in the Vitamin B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B vitamins.
Clinical Update
10/24/2024
B Vitamin Confusion
Be aware that a B complex supplement Approved by us in 2022 has a similar name to a product NOT Approved in our most recent tests. The two products are different, as explained in the What CL Found section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our current Top Picks for B vitamin complexes and single B vitamins.
Clinical Update
11/27/2024
B-12 Deficiency & GI Symptoms
Vitamin B-12 deficiency can cause many symptoms, including chronic diarrhea, as described in a recent report. Learn about symptoms of B-12 deficiency in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12.
Clinical Update
12/05/2024
Difficulty Walking and B-12 Deficiency
Be aware that vitamin B-12 deficiency may present with a variety of neurologic symptoms, including difficulty walking due to spinal cord degeneration, as described in a recent report. Get the details in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for vitamin B-12.
Clinical Update
10/04/2022
Nerve Pain & Vitamin B-6
Vitamin B-6 deficiency can cause nerve pain and weakness, even resulting in inability to walk, as shown in a recent case. However, getting too much B-6 from supplements can also cause these symptoms. Find out how much B6 you should be getting in the Vitamin B-6 section of our B Vitamins Supplements Review.
For information about supplements that may help with other forms of nerve pain, see our answer to the question: Do any supplements, like Nervive, help with nerve pain, like sciatica or diabetic neuropathy?
Clinical Update
7/26/2022
B-6 or B-12 for Anxiety?
Can taking high-dose vitamin B-6 or B-12 improve self-reported anxiety? Find out what a recent study showed in the Anxiety section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Also see our answer to the question: What are the best supplements for depression and anxiety?
Clinical Update
9/19/2023
Does B-6 Reduce Antibiotic Side Effects?
Did supplementation with vitamin B-6 reduce antibiotic-related side effects in people treated for H. pylori infection (a common cause of peptic ulcers)? Find out in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for vitamin B-6 and other B vitamins.
Also see: 8 Supplements That May Help Treat Peptic Ulcers – And Some to Avoid
Clinical Update
1/27/2026
High-Dose B-12 for Nerve Pain?
Did a very high dose of vitamin B-12 reduce nerve pain more than a lower dose in people with type 2 diabetes? Find out what a recent study showed in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
11/10/2025
Can B-12 Slow Cognitive Decline?
Higher B-12 levels were associated with slower memory loss in older men and women. Learn more in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B-12 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
12/14/2013
B-12 Deficiency and Acid Inhibitors
A large, new study found the risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency to be significantly higher among people taking proton pump inhibitors (e.g., Prevacid, Prilosec) or H2-blockers (e.g., Pepcid, Zantac) than among those not taking these medications. The drugs reduce acid production in the stomach, but acid is needed to release B-12 from foods, so deficiency can occur. B-12 supplements can help because acid is not needed for their absorption. For details -- and our reviews of supplements with vitamin B-12 -- see the updated B Vitamin Supplements Review,
For more information, see ConsumerLab's answer to the question, I take omeprazole (Prilosec), a proton pump inhibitor, to reduce stomach acid. Are there supplements I should avoid, or be taking, due to this drug?.
Clinical Update
5/27/2013
Alzheimer's Changes Slowed with B Vitamins
A combination of B vitamins was found to slow brain loss in areas of the brain associated with Alzheimer's disease. This same combination of vitamins has also been shown to slow cognitive decline. Get the details on who may (or may not) benefit, dosage, plus test results for over 35 B vitamin supplements in the updated B Vitamin Supplements Product Review >>
Clinical Update
12/16/2012
Higher Vitamin Level May Slow Cognitive Decline
An 8-year study of people in their 70's found that cognitive functioning (memory and other mental skills) declined faster among those with lower blood levels of vitamin B-12 compared to those with higher levels. Particularly surprising was that 40% of the people in the study fell into the lower B-12 group, many of whom had levels which would not normally define them as deficient in B-12. This and other recent studies suggest a role for vitamin B-12 in minimizing cognitive decline in older people. For details, see the updated B Vitamin Supplements Review. More >>
Clinical Update
11/16/2014
Do B Vitamins Boost Memory?
This week, a study was reported in the media suggesting that taking vitamin B-12 and folic acid does not help with memory. But a closer look at this and related studies shows a benefit for some people. Get the details, plus our tests and comparisons of B-vitamin supplements, in the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
1/08/2012
B-12 and Folic Acid for Memory
Small but significant improvements in short and long-term memory were found to occur in older people (aged 60 to 74) given modest daily amounts of vitamin B-12 and folic acid. But don't expect immediate results. Improvements were seen only after 2 years of supplementation. See the update in the B Vitamins Review for the dosage used, as well as our ratings of supplements with vitamin B-12 and folic acid.
Clinical Update
6/12/2016
B Vitamins & Autism Risk
Excessive blood levels of B-12 and/or folate in pregnant women were found to be associated with an increased risk of autism in their children, according to a new study. While these vitamins are critical, too much may be problematic. Get the details in the B-12 and Folate sections of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
8/26/2017
High-Dose B Vitamins & Cataract Risk
Taking high doses of B vitamins, including B vitamin complexes, folic acid and B6, was associated with a higher risk of age-related cataracts among middle-aged men and women, according to a new study. For details, see the "ConsumerTips" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
10/09/2018
Can a B Vitamin Lower High Blood Pressure?
A common mutation of the MTHFR gene is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. A recent study tested whether supplementing with a specific B vitamin could reduce blood pressure in affected individuals. Get the results in the MTHFR section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. (Also see our Top Picks among B vitamins.)
Clinical Update
7/08/2022
B-5 for Arthritis?
Can vitamin B-5 supplementation improve symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis? Find out what research suggests in the B-5 (Pantothenic Acid) section of our B Vitamins Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
4/26/2022
B-12 for Nighttime Leg Cramps
Raising lower blood levels of vitamin B-12 may help with nighttime leg cramps according to some reports. Get the details in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
For information about other supplements that may help, see our answer to the question: Do any supplements, foods, or oils help reduce muscle pain, muscle cramps, or nighttime leg cramps?
Clinical Update
4/29/2022
MTHFR Mutations and B Vitamin Deficiencies
People with a certain MTHFR gene mutation (C677T) may be more likely to develop B vitamin deficiencies. But what about those with a less common MTHFR mutation – A1298C? Find out what research suggests in the MTHFR gene mutation and B vitamin metabolism section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
8/06/2020
B Vitamins and Fracture Risk
High homocysteine levels have been linked with increased fracture risk in older people. Taking B vitamins can lower homocysteine levels, but does it lower fracture risk? Find out what a recent study using folic acid and B12 showed in the What It Does section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B vitamins.
Clinical Update
8/14/2021
Danger With Too Much B-6
A CL member recently told us about a friend who developed progressively worsening neuropathy (nerve damage) after taking very high dose vitamin B-6. It's important to be aware of the upper daily limit for vitamin B-6 and that taking too much can cause nerve damage, as well as skin lesions and other adverse effects, as discussed in detail in our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
8/02/2022
Increasing Folate from Beans & Peas
Beans and peas are great dietary sources of folate (vitamin B-9), but the right preparation can more than double their folate levels, according to a recent study. Find out how in the Folate section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Also see our table of Foods Containing B Vitamins to find out other foods that are good sources of folate and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
8/02/2022
Metformin and B-12 Deficiency
If you take metformin for diabetes, be aware that you are at risk for vitamin B-12 deficiency. See the latest guidelines to monitor for this in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
8/09/2022
B-12 and Insomnia?
A CL Member had trouble sleeping when taking high dose B-12 to correct a deficiency and asked us if this is common. Find out in the B-12 section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Product Update
1/29/2026
Caution With B Complex
Heads up: A popular B vitamin complex could cause skin flushing and itching -- even though it’s within the safe niacin limit. Get the details in our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
5/20/2012
B Vitamin May Lower Blood Pressure
According to a new study, approximately 10% of the population is genetically prone to high blood pressure which may respond dramatically to a low dose of riboflavin (vitamin B-2). Read the update to the B Vitamin Supplements Review for details, including the dose used and amount of blood pressure reduction achieved. More >>
Clinical Update
9/01/2020
Folate & Memory
Older people with high blood levels of folate are more likely to perform worse on tests of memory and cognition unless they have sufficient levels of another B vitamin, according to a recent study. Get the details in the What It Does section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks among B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
5/18/2019
Hip Fracture Risk with B6
Another study has shown a significantly increased risk of hip fracture with high intakes of vitamin B6 from supplements. For details, see the B-6 section of the B Vitamins Review. Also see how much B6 is in popular B vitamin supplements and our Top Picks.
Clinical Update
5/28/2019
Vitamin B12 & Depression
Deficiencies in B vitamins, such as B12, can cause depression. A recent study suggests that, in pregnant women, even low-normal B12 levels are associated with a much higher risk of depression. For details, see the Depression section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B vitamins.
Clinical Update
Clinical Update
11/28/2017
Growing Concern with Biotin Causing False Lab Results
Biotin (a B vitamin found in B-complex and hair and nail supplements) can interfere with laboratory results resulting in the missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of cardiovascular and hormonal conditions, such as Graves' disease (a form of hyperthyroidism). Physicians and lab personnel may be unaware of this interference. For details, see the "Biotin" section of the B Vitamins Review >>
Clinical Update
12/14/2017
Danger from Too Much Vitamin B6
A women who was consuming large amounts of an energy drink as well as a B-vitamin complex developed symptoms of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) toxicity (which may not be reversible), according to a recent report. Get the details in the "B6" section of B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
CL has long warned that energy drinks and shots often contain large amounts of B6 and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
5/24/2017
POTS and Thiamin
A small study among people who suffer from POTS (postural tachycardia syndrome) suggested that supplementing with thiamin (vitamin B-1) may help some. For details, see the Thiamin (B-1) section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
1/20/2017
Side-Effect With B-12
Certain formulations of vitamin B-12 contain additional ingredients that can cause diarrhea and bloating in some people — particularly if taking more than one pill. An apparent case of this was reported to us this week. To help you avoid this, read the details in the "What CL Found" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review (which includes our tests of products) >>
Clinical Update
4/08/2022
Vitamin B-12 Deficiency and Dementia
Correcting B-12 deficiency may improve cognition in people with dementia, according to a recent study and case reports. Get the details in the Memory, Cognition, and Alzheimer’s Disease section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
11/04/2020
Muscle Cramps from Lack of Vitamin
Painful muscle cramps in an older person resolved after correcting a deficiency in one of the B vitamins, according to a new report. Get the details, and learn which conditions and medications increase the risk of this deficiency, in the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
7/25/2023
Best Way to Take B Vitamins?
We’ve added information about the best way to take vitamins B-6, B-12, and folate to our article about the best way to take vitamins and minerals.
Clinical Update
12/08/2023
Dementia & Folic Acid
Taking folic acid without getting enough B-12 has been linked to increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Learn more in the Folate section of our B-Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B-Complexes.
Also see: Do any supplements, foods or lifestyle modifications help with brain function, like memory and cognition?
Clinical Update
10/25/2022
Symptoms of B-12 Deficiency
Vitamin B-12 deficiency can cause a wide range of adverse effects affecting the nervous system, cognition, blood and blood pressure, and more. Learn about the symptoms and recent cases, and find out who is most likely to be deficient in our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Also see our article: Top 8 Supplements for Vegetarians and Vegans.
Clinical Update
10/02/2024
Benfotiamine & Alzheimer’s
Can taking benfotiamine (a derivative of vitamin B-1) slow cognitive decline in people with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer’s disease? See what research suggests in our B Vitamins Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B vitamins.
Clinical Update
9/19/2024
Niacin-Induced Liver Failure
Be aware of the risk of liver injury from use of very high dose niacin, as recently reported in an otherwise healthy, young woman who was taking niacin to manage anxiety and depression. Get the details in the Niacin (Nicotinic Acid) (B-3) section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for B vitamins.
Also see: Is there a risk of liver toxicity with certain supplements?
Clinical Update
3/15/2024
Carcinogen in Folic Acid
Several folic acid supplements were recently recalled in Canada due to a carcinogenic impurity that can occur with folic acid (vitamin B-9). For details, see the Quality Concerns section of our B Vitamins Review, which includes our Top Picks for folic acid and B complexes.
Clinical Update
8/19/2025
Allergy to Folic Acid
Although rare, be aware that some people can be allergic to the folic acid in supplements and fortified foods. This may be more common in people allergic to certain medications that resemble folic acid. Get the details in the Folate section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, including our Top Picks for folate and folic acid and for other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
5/22/2025
Niacin for Skin Cancer
Some research suggests that taking high-dose niacin (as nicotinamide, also called niacinamide) can reduce skin cancer risk. Learn more about this (and an observational study of its safety) in the Niacin section of our B Vitamins Review, which includes our Top Picks for niacinamide supplements and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
9/16/2025
Folic Acid for Cognition?
Did taking folic acid improve cognitive function among older people with small vessel disease? Find out what a recent study showed in the Folate section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for folate and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
1/20/2025
Nicotinamide for Glaucoma?
Some preliminary research suggests nicotinamide (a form of niacin) may help with glaucoma, but is this recommended? Find out in our B Vitamins Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
2/18/2025
PFAS in Oral-B?
Does Oral-B Glide Advanced Bacteria Defense Floss contain PFAS (“forever chemicals”)? Find out in our article about PFAS, which includes our Top Picks among flosses, dental picks, and dental tapes, and information for more than 85 different products.
Clinical Update
3/24/2023
Plant-based Sources of B-12?
Find out if there are good plant sources of B-12, if certain foods can increase the availability of zinc, and if vegetarians or vegans should supplement with taurine.
Clinical Update
2/02/2024
Thiamin for Fibromyalgia?
Can taking thiamin reduce symptoms of fibromyalgia? Find out in the Thiamin section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks among B vitamins.
Also see: Can any supplements improve or worsen symptoms of fibromyalgia?
Clinical Update
9/26/2023
Allergic Reaction to Folic Acid
Although rare, severe and life-threatening allergic reactions to folic acid from supplements have been reported. Get the details about this, as well as risks from too much folic acid, in the Folic Acid section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for folic acid and folate, and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
9/29/2023
Nail Growth
Does biotin help nails to grow faster? Find out what research suggests, and also learn which topical treatment for hair growth may help nails to grow, in the Biotin section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for biotin and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
12/09/2022
Thiamin Alternative?
Is thiamin tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD), a derivative of thiamin, absorbed and used by the body better than thiamin itself? Find out, and learn about possible health effects, in the Thiamin (B-1) section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
1/06/2023
Best Way to Get B Vitamins?
Is it better to get B vitamins through supplements, foods, or a combination of the two? See our answer.
Clinical Update
10/07/2022
Biotin for Skin Health?
Biotin has been promoted for reducing wrinkles, but does clinical research support this? Find out in the Biotin (B-7) section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which also discusses the evidence for biotin for treating brittle nails and hair loss.
Also, see our CL Answer about supplements for reducing wrinkles and tightening the skin.
Clinical Update
8/19/2022
B-6 Depleted by Parkinson’s Drug?
Can vitamin B-6 levels in the body be depleted by carbidopa, a drug taken in combination with levodopa for Parkinson's disease? Find out what evidence suggests in our updated CL Answer about supplements for Parkinson's disease.
Clinical Update
9/30/2022
Folic Acid & Risk of Self-Harm
Can taking folic acid (vitamin B-9) reduce the risk of self-harm and suicide? Find out what a recent study found in the Depression section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
3/16/2026
GLP 1 With B-12?
A recent study raises red flags about compounded tirzepatide (the GLP-1 agonist in Zepbound and Mounjaro) mixed with vitamin B-12. Learn more in our article about supplements to take or avoid with GLP-1s and whether GLP-1s affect vitamin D levels.
Clinical Update
3/16/2026
Biotin: A Possible Migraine Trigger?
One case report suggests high-dose biotin may worsen migraine frequency and intensity. See the details in our B Vitamins Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for biotin and other B vitamins.
Product Update
5/07/2026
Caution: Too Much B-6 in Your Multi?
A CL member reported serious neurologic symptoms after using a popular daily multivitamin – linked to its very high dose of vitamin B-6. Get the details (and how to spot this issue) in our Multivitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks among multivitamins based on quality, dose, and price.
Clinical Update
9/19/2025
Niacin May Reduce Skin Cancer?
Taking high-dose nicotinamide (a common form of niacin) may reduce the risk of certain types of skin cancer, according to a new study. Get the details in the Niacin section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for niacin/nicotinamide and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
10/27/2025
Vitamin Deficiency from Fasting
Be aware that extreme fasting (water only) can cause thiamin deficiency and neurological symptoms, as was recently reported. For more details see our B Vitamin Supplements Review, which includes our Top Picks for thiamin and other B vitamins.
Clinical Update
6/01/2022
Too Much B-6 After Stomach Surgery?
People who have had gastric bypass, gastric sleeve, or gastric band surgery may be supplementing with too much B-6 after surgery, according to a recent study. Get the details in our updated article about the Best Vitamins to Take After Bariatric Surgery.
Clinical Update
7/22/2022
B-6 or Zinc for Pyrrole Disorder?
Can supplementing with vitamin B-6 or zinc improve psychiatric conditions associated with pyrrole disorder? Find out by using the links.
Clinical Update
1/28/2022
B-12 From Chlorella and Spirulina?
A reader asked if chlorella and spirulina are good sources of B-12. The answer is both "yes" and "no," as explained in our Greens and Whole Foods Powders and Pills Review, which includes our recent tests result and Top Picks for chlorella and spirulina supplements.
Clinical Update
11/11/2020
Biotin for MS?
High-dose biotin was tried in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) to see if would reverse MS-related disability. Find out if it helped the Biotin section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also, learn about concerns with high-dose biotin and see our Top Picks for biotin and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
2/03/2021
Thiamin Deficiency from Bowel Disease
People with inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn’s or colitis) can develop thiamin (vitamin B-1) deficiency, which can lead to life-threatening brain injury, as noted in a recent review of 31 cases. Learn more about this and other causes of thiamin deficiency in the Thiamin section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
3/23/2021
Folic Acid and Colorectal Cancer
Do higher intakes of folic acid and other sources of folate increase or decrease the risk of colorectal cancer? It may depend on time, according to a new study discussed in the Folate section of our B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks among B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
3/15/2015
Folic Acid Reduces Risk of Stroke
A large study in people taking blood pressure-lowering medication found that the addition of a daily folic acid (vitamin B-9 or folate) supplement significantly reduced the chance of having a stroke. This benefit is most likely to occur among people whose blood levels of folate are low. More details, including dosage and ConsumerLab.com's test-based quality ratings of folic acid supplements, are found in the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
5/09/2011
Does folic acid affect the risk of colon cancer?
Supplementation with higher amounts of folic acid (vitamin B-9) has been shown to increase the risk of prostate cancer, but its effect on the risk of colon cancer has been unclear. A new study found no increase in colon cancer due to folic acid supplementation. But if you supplement with folic acid, be careful. See the B Vitamin Supplements Review for more >>
Clinical Update
5/16/2015
Niacin Reduces Skin Cancer
A recent study suggests that high-dose niacin (vitamin B-3) may reduce the risk of developing certain types of skin cancer. A closer look at the study, however, raises questions about its relevance to people in North America. Get the details, as well as more information about niacin and our product test results & comparisons, in the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
1/20/2016
Omega-3's May Be Important in Preventing Cognitive Decline
We have reported in the past that a certain combination of B vitamins slowed cognitive decline as well as brain shrinkage in older people. Now, further analyses finds that these benefits only occurred in people having certain blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids (as found in fish oil). Get the details in the B Vitamins Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
7/05/2016
Folic Acid Supplementation Mitigates Alzheimer's
A recent study in people with Alzheimer's disease found that folic acid supplementation decreased inflammation and slightly improved mental functioning. However, participants began the study unusually low in folic acid relative to normal U.S. levels. For more details see the B Vitamin Supplements Review >> Also see results of a folate/B-12 study which showed reduced brain shrinkage in Alzheimer's patients.
Clinical Update
10/22/2016
Too Much Folate & Nerve Damage
One quarter of American men and women have a gene variation which puts them at higher risk of nerve damage if consuming too much of folate (vitamin B-9) daily, according to a new study. Considering that most older Americans consume more than this amount (largely due to excessive supplement use) this should be a warning to many. For more details, see the "Folate" section of the B Vitamins Review >>
Clinical Update
7/19/2014
High-Dose Niacin with Statins Not Worth It
Further evidence was published this week showing that the addition of high-dose niacin (vitamin B-3) to cholesterol-lowering treatment with statin drugs provides no worthwhile benefit and appears to increase the risk of adverse side events. For details, see the Review of B Vitamin Supplements and Energy Drinks >>
Clinical Update
8/20/2016
Biotin Caution
Very high-doses of biotin (vitamin B-7) can cause misleading laboratory results and lead to unnecessary antithyroid treatment, according to a new report. For details, see the Biotin section of the B Vitamins Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
1/13/2018
B12 for Cognition
Numerous studies show that getting adequate intake of B vitamins, such as B12, and, perhaps, omega-3 fatty acids from fish, may slow age-related declines in memory and cognition. But not everyone should expect a benefit, as shown in a recent study. For details, see the Memory, Cognition, and Alzheimer's Disease section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. (Also see our Top Picks among products.)
Clinical Update
12/23/2017
Folic Acid for Cognition
Giving folic acid to older people with relatively low levels of blood folate resulted in improved cognitive performance, according to a recent study. For details, see the "Memory, Cognition, and Alzheimer's Disease" section in the B Vitamin Supplements Review >> (Also see our Top Picks for folate and other B vitamin supplements.)
Clinical Update
Clinical Update
1/08/2019
B Vitamins & Breast Cancer
A reduced risk of breast cancer was associated with supplementing with certain amounts of folic acid and vitamin B12 for women predisposed to breast cancer in a new study. See the details in the "Breast cancer" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
3/07/2018
B12 Dosage
A study compared the effects of a high weekly dose of vitamin B12 versus a much lower dose given daily. Both worked equally well. Find out why and get more details about B12 dosing in the B-12 section of B Vitamin Supplements Review.
Clinical Update
12/05/2017
Biotin Interference With Vitamin D Test
Last week we reported that high doses of biotin (found in B complexes and hair and nail supplements) can interfere with certain blood tests. A study recently showed that biotin can also artificially inflate a test for vitamin D. Get the details in the "Biotin" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
7/16/2019
Is Methylfolate the Best Form of Folate?
Methylfolate has been promoted as a better form of folate (vitamin B9), particularly for people with certain common genetic variations. A clinical study recently put methylfolate to the test against folic acid and folinic acid. The results were surprising. Get the details in the Folate section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks among folate and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
7/20/2019
Is Niagen Safe?
Niagen (nicotinamide riboside) was recently studied for its safety and ability to raise NAD+ in the body. See the results and learn more about this form of niacin (which is also in the product Basis) in the Niacin section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for niacin and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
8/29/2017
High-Dose B Vitamins & Lung Cancer Risk
A recent study found that taking high doses of vitamins B6 and B12 was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer among men, particulary among those who smoke. For details, see the "ConsumerTips" section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review >>
Clinical Update
2/11/2020
Vitamin B12 and Risk of Death
A study found higher blood levels of vitamin B12 to be associated with an increased risk of death -- suggesting caution when supplementing. For details, see the B-12 section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. If you do need to supplement with B12, see our Top Pick among products.
Clinical Update
2/25/2020
Cognitive Impairment From B12 Deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause a wide range of symptoms. This includes cognitive impairment, as shown in a recent case. For details about the symptoms of B12 deficiency see the B12 section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for B12 and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
11/26/2017
Signs of B12 Deficiency
B12 deficiency is not uncommon, most often affecting older people. Symptoms include anemia, fatigue, tingling in the arms and legs and loss of balance -- but a recent case report highlights a lesser-known sign of B12 deficiency. Find out more, plus how much B12 you should get in the "B12" section of the B Vitamins Review >> (Also see our Top Picks for vitamin B12 and other B vitamins.)
Clinical Update
8/13/2019
Folic Acid and Colon Cancer
Several studies have evaluated whether folate from food and/or folic acid from supplements affect cancer risk. Find out what a recent report suggests about long-term, high-dose folic acid supplementation in the Folate section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Picks for folic acid and other B vitamin supplements.
Clinical Update
4/28/2020
Early Sign of Thiamin Deficiency
Thiamin (vitamin B1) deficiency can cause lasting neurologic damage and affect heart function. It can occur with poor nutrition and as a result of taking certain diuretics. A recent case highlighted an early sign of thiamin deficiency that involves the eyes. We've added this information to the Thiamin section of the B Vitamin Supplements Review. Also see our Top Pick for thiamin and B complexes that contain thiamin. You can also get thiamin from a good multivitamin.
Clinical Update
8/18/2023
Brand Change at Walgreens
Walgreens has rebranded its "Finest Nutrition" supplements. Get the details in our B Vitamins Review.
Recalls & Warnings
July 16, 2025
Organic and Mineral Sunscreens, Tints, Recalled
On March 12, 2025, Kabana Skin Care recalled four brands of organic and/or mineral sunscreen products due to unspecified "deviations" in Current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMPs).
News Release
February 24, 2025
Widespread Mislabeling of Nutritional Yeasts Uncovered by ConsumerLab – 90% of Nutritional Yeasts Fail Tests
White Plains, NY, February 24, 2025— Nutritional yeast can add a savory flavor to foods and be a good source of protein, fiber, and niacin. Fortified nutritional yeast can also provide vitamins B-6 and B-12, making it a common addition to vegan and vegetarian dishes.
News Release
October 17, 2024
Not All B Vitamin Supplements Contain What They Claim, According to ConsumerLab Tests
White Plains, NY, October 17, 2024 — Recent ConsumerLab tests revealed that 19% of popular B vitamin complexes and individual B vitamin supplements selected for testing contained far less, or far more of one or more B vitamins than claimed on the label.
News Release
June 14, 2022
Best B Complexes, B12, and Other B Vitamin Supplements Revealed by ConsumerLab Tests: Beware of High Doses
White Plains, New York, June 14, 2022 — Recent ConsumerLab tests of over 30 popular vitamin B complexes and supplements revealed that four products contained either much less, or much more, of at least one B vitamin listed on the label.
News Release
June 25, 2019
ConsumerLab Tests Reveal Best B Vitamin Supplements -- 19% of B Vitamin Supplements Fail CL's Tests of Quality
White Plains, New York, June 25, 2019 — B vitamins and complexes are among the most popular supplements sold in the U.S. because B vitamins are essential for a wide range of functions in the body.
News Release
February 23, 2017
ConsumerLab.com Reveals Best and Worst B Vitamin Supplements and Why Current Labels Often Mislead
White Plains, New York, February 24, 2017 — B vitamins and complexes are popular supplements, but labels often mislead, says a new report from ConsumerLab.com which tested, reviewed, and compared 49 supplements from the U.S.
News Release
December 09, 2014
Round-up of Recent Product Tests by ConsumerLab.com -- Results for B Vitamin Supplements & Energy Drinks, Garlic, NAC (N-acetyl cysteine), Iron and Omega-7 Fatty Acids
White Plains, New York, December 9, 2014 — In recent months, ConsumerLab.com has published test results for a variety of popular supplements, including B vitamins supplements and energy drinks, NAC (N-acetyl cysteine), iron and garlic. In addition, ConsumerLab.
News Release
January 31, 2013
Use of CoQ10, Digestive Enzymes, Probiotics and B Vitamins on the Rise According to ConsumerLab.com Survey
White Plains, New York — February 1, 2013 — A recent survey of over 10,000 people who take supplements shows that CoQ10, digestive enzymes, probiotics, and B vitamins are the four categories experiencing the most growth over the prior year.
News Release
September 27, 2012
ConsumerLab.com Reveals How Much Caffeine is in Energy Drinks -- Also Finds Some Drinks and Dietary Supplements Don't Contain Claimed Amounts of B Vitamins
White Plains, New York — September 27, 2012 — Energy shots and drinks are promoted to keep you alert and energized, attributing their effects to special formulas often "packed with B vitamins and nutrients to make it last," as a commercial for 5-hour Energy proclaims.
News Release
October 26, 2010
ConsumerLab.com reports deficiencies in some B-complex supplements and more caffeine than expected in "shot-sized" B vitamin "energy" drinks
White Plains, New York — October 26, 2010 — Tests of B vitamin supplements, including B-complexes and shot-sized energy drinks, revealed problems with the quality of 4 out of 18 products selected for review by independent testing organization ConsumerLab.com.
News Release
September 10, 2007
Tests of B-vitamins by ConsumerLab.com finds several short on folic acid — New report covers B-complexes, thiamin, niacin, B-6, B-12, biotin and folic acid supplements
WHITE PLAINS, NEW YORK — SEPTEMBER 10, 2007 — Half of the B-complex supplements recently selected by ConsumerLab.com for testing were found to lack the total claimed amounts of folic acid, an essential nutrient also known as vitamin B-9.
Recalls & Warnings
February 28, 2024
Microbial Contamination Found in LightEyez MSM Eye Drops
On February 15, 2024, the FDA issued a Warning Letter to LightEyez Limited after testing by the agency found the company’s LightEyez.com MSM Eye Drops V2.0 — Eye Repair (MSM Eye Repair Drops) to have microbial contamination in samples of the drops.
News Release
March 30, 2005
ConsumerLab.com finds most B-vitamins of high quality but three lacking in ingredients — Test Results for 41 Products Reported Along with Information on Use
WHITE PLAINS, NY — MARCH 30, 2005 — ConsumerLab.com reported test results today for B vitamin supplements that it recently purchased in the U.S. and Canada.
Recalls & Warnings
November 21, 2024
Douglas Labs Stress-B-Plus Recalled
On October 7, 2024, Nestle Health Science (NHS U.S., LLC) issued a recall of two lots of Douglas Labs Stress-B-Plus because it contains incorrect information on the label.
News Release
January 08, 2002
ConsumerLab.com finds most B vitamin supplements contain what they claim, but often exceed safe levels — Consumers cautioned to be aware of side effects with high dose products
WHITE PLAINS, NY — January 8, 2002 — ConsumerLab.com announced today that all but one of the twenty-one products analyzed in its B Vitamin Product Review contained the claimed amounts of B vitamins.
Recalls & Warnings
November 24, 2025
Extended Release Niacin Recalled
Golden State Medical Supply issued a recall of multiple lots of prescription-only NIACIN Extended-Release Tablets (1,000 mg) because the tablets failed dissolution specifications. This can indicate that the tablets did not disintegrate properly, completely, or at the expected rate.
Recalls & Warnings
February 12, 2025
Trader Joe’s, Van Camp’s, H-E-B, and Genova Canned Tuna Recalled
On February 7, 2025, Tri-Union Seafoods recalled select canned tunas sold by Trader Joe’s, Van Camp’s, H-E-B, and Genova, due to a manufacturing defect that compromises the integrity of the “easy open” pull tab on the can.
Recalls & Warnings
February 03, 2025
Four Male Enhancement and Energy Supplements Found to Contain Drugs
On January 16, 2025, the FDA issued a Warning Letter to Mihon Corp. d/b/a VitalityVita and Boulla, LLC after FDA analysis found four of the company’s supplements, VitalityXtra, PeakMax, ZapMax, and ZoomMax, to contain undeclared sildenafil.
Recalls & Warnings
April 24, 2023
Terry Naturally and EuroMedica B Vitamins Recalled Due to Allergen Risk
On April 21, 2023, EuroPharma, Inc. issued a voluntary recall of 4 lots of its Terry Naturally BioActive Vitamin B 60 count and 3 lots of its EuroMedica Active B Complex 60 count products due to undeclared milk. No illnesses have been reported to date.
Recalls & Warnings
January 26, 2023
Allergy Bee Nasal Swabs Contaminated With Illness-Causing Bacteria
On January 18, 2023, the FDA issued a warning letter to Buzzagogo, LLC, after the company’s Allergy Bee Gone for Kids nasal swab products were found to be contaminated with bacteria that have the potential to cause life-threatening illness.
Recalls & Warnings
February 09, 2022
FDA Warns Seller of Colloidal Silver Eye Drops, Copper Products & More
On February 1, 2022, the FDA issued a warning letter to New Earth Healing Essentials, LLC d/b/a 5D Full Disclosure following a review of the company’s website, which found statements made about some of the company's products, including Plasma Colloidal Silver Eyedrops, Gaia’s ...
Recalls & Warnings
July 15, 2013
Two Sexual Enhancement Supplements Recalled
On July 5, 2013, Hardmenstore.com issued a voluntary recall of 430 lots of sexual enhancement supplements Silver Sword and Clalis because they were found to contain undeclared sildenafil.
Recalls & Warnings
February 18, 2020
Seller of CoQ10, Resveratrol and More Warned for Manufacturing Violations
On February 5, 2020, the FDA issued a warning letter to R-Garden LLC, which found the company's Vitamin O, Gamma-Zyme, L.
Recalls & Warnings
November 09, 2019
Biotin Supplements Can Cause False Lab Test Results
On November 5, 2019, the FDA reminded consumers and health care providers that high amounts of biotin (vitamin B-7), found in many supplements, can significantly interfere with certain lab tests and cause incorrect results that may go undetected.
Recalls & Warnings
August 20, 2019
Seller of Liposomal Curcumin, Vitamin C & Melatonin Warned for Manufacturing Violations
On August 6, 2019, the FDA issued a warning letter to Let's Talk Health, Inc.
Recalls & Warnings
April 11, 2008
Twelve Dietary Herbal Supplements Recalled -- Possible Health Risk Associated with Ephedra, Aristolochic Acid and Human Placenta
On April 10, 2008, the FDA posted a recall notice issued the same day from Herbal Science International, Inc. (AKA Jen-On Herbal Science International, Inc.).
Recalls & Warnings
April 18, 2014
FDA Questions Ingredient in Workout Supplement
On April 4, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Driven Sports Inc., following a label review which found the company's workout supplement, CRAZE, to be adulterated because it contains the new dietary ingredient Dendrobex.
Recalls & Warnings
July 18, 2018
Maker of Vitamin B12 and Multimineral Supplements Warned by FDA
On July 6, 2018, the FDA issued a warning letter to Aegle Nutrition, LLC, following a facility inspection which found some of the company's products, including Tropical Oasis Ionized Trace Minerals, Tropical Oasis Ultra Methyl B12, and Tropical Oasis Premium Vitamin B12 to be ...
Recalls & Warnings
April 04, 2017
Seller of B Vitamins, Vitamin C, Potassium & More Warned for Manufacturing Violations
On March 24, 2017 the FDA issued a warning letter to The Sanapac Company, Inc.
Recalls & Warnings
November 04, 2016
Energy Drink Linked to Case of Acute Hepatitis
A case of acute hepatitis has been linked to daily consumption of energy drinks, according to a report published on November 1, 2016, in BMJ Case Reports.
Recalls & Warnings
August 02, 2013
Vitamin B, Vitamin C and Multimineral Supplements Recalled Due To Anabolic Steroid Risk
On July 31, 2013, Purity First Health Products, Inc.
Recalls & Warnings
July 28, 2013
B Vitamin Supplement Found To Contain Anabolic Steroids
On July 26, 2013, the FDA warned consumers not to purchase or use Healthy Life Chemistry by Purity First B-50, a vitamin B dietary supplement which was found to contain anabolic steroids, methasterone and dimethazine.
Recalls & Warnings
September 27, 2016
Seller of B Vitamins, Omega-3s and More Warned for Manufacturing Violations, Drug Claims
On September 15, 2016, the FDA issued a warning letter to Positive Power Nutrition, following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including High Energy C-Complex, Positive Vitality, Positive Performance, Positive CardioGuard, B-Complex 100, Positive Essentials, Positive ...
Recalls & Warnings
September 25, 2018
Seller of B Vitamins, Multis, Glucosamine & More Warned for Manufacturing Violations
On August 31, 2018, the FDA issued a warning letter to Independent Nutrition Inc., following a facility inspection which the company's products, including B-50 Complete, Multi-Vitamin & Mineral Complex (a.k.a.
Recalls & Warnings
July 29, 2016
Ground Turmeric Spice Recalled Due to Lead Contamination
On July 28, 2016, Gel Spice, Inc. issued a voluntary recall one lot of Fresh Finds Ground Turmeric Powder because it was found to contain elevated levels of lead.
Recalls & Warnings
June 09, 2016
Nature Made Multis and B Complex Recalled Due to Salmonella, Staph Risk
On June 8, 2016 Pharmavite LLC issued a recall of the following Nature Made® multivitamin and B complex supplements because they have the potential to be contaminated with Salmonella or Staphylococcus aureus:
Recalls & Warnings
June 13, 2013
Seller of Cardio, Immune, Greens Supplements and More Warned For Drug Claims
On May 29, 2013, the FDA issued a warning letter to dietary supplement company Nature's Answer, following a review a the company's website, www.naturesanswer.
Recalls & Warnings
October 18, 2016
Seller of Sublingual Vitamins Warned for Drug Claims
On August 31, 2016, the FDA issued a warning letter to Bio-Stasis International, Inc., following a review of the company's website which found statements made about its sublingual tablets, ViraPress, Vitamin D-3 and Vitamin B-12. to be drug claims.
Recalls & Warnings
February 28, 2013
Maker of Joint, Mood and B Vitamin Supplements Warned For Manufacturing Violations, Misbranding and Drug Claims
On February 11, 2013, the FDA issued a warning letter to Kreativ Health, Inc.
Recalls & Warnings
June 06, 2017
Seller of Herbal Supplements Warned for Manufacturing Violations, Drug Claims
On May 25, 2017 the FDA issued a warning letter to Life Rising Corporation, following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including Stomach Regulator, Fang Feng Formula, Skin Regulator, Regulate Liver, Circulation Regulator, Pancreas Support, Lung Regulator, Pure Tea, ...
Recalls & Warnings
September 10, 2012
Maker of Concussion Recovery Supplement Warned For Making Drug Claims
On August 28, 2012, the FDA issued a warning letter to Trinity Sports Group, Inc. after a review of the company's websites found statements about Neuro Impact Concussion Response Formula constituted drug claims not permitted on supplements.
Recalls & Warnings
October 21, 2014
Seller of Weight Loss, Saw Palmetto Supplements and More Warned for Drug Claims
On October 9, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Bethel Nutritional Consulting, Inc., following a review of the company's website which found statements made about 15 Day Detox Diet, Alpha Lipoic Acid. 300 mg.
Recalls & Warnings
March 10, 2015
Maker of Magnesium, Calcium, Zinc, B Vitamins and More Warned for Manufacturing Violations, Drug Claims
On January 8, 2015, the FDA issued a warning letter to Complete H2O Minerals, following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including Sulfur Concentrate, Copper, Extra Strength Copper, Extra Strength Magnesium, Extra Strength Zinc, Platinum, Gold, Indium, Molybdenum, ...
Recalls & Warnings
December 12, 2014
Seller of B-12, Zinc, Echinacea and More Warned for Manufacturing Violations and Drug Claims
On November 14, 2014, the FDA issued a warning letter to Scientific Botanicals Company, Inc.
Recalls & Warnings
June 23, 2017
FDA Warns Seller of Menopause, Sexual Enhancement, Prostate Supplements and More For Manufacturing Violations
On May 26, 2017 the FDA issued a warning letter to Star Health & Beauty LLC, following a facility inspection which found the company's products, including Nu Essentials Royal Jelly Capsules, NuMan Male Enhancement Capsules, Star's Male Potency Tonic, NuGen HP, She Max HP, and V Max ...
Recalls & Warnings
March 31, 2005
FDA Warns Marketer of "Vitamin O" Product to Cease Unsubstantiated Claims
The U.S. Food and Drug Adminstration (FDA) has sent a Warning Letter (dated February 8, 2005) to Donald L. Smyth, President, R-Garden Inc., and Rose Creek Health Products, Inc. warning that its "Vitamin O" product was, among other things, being marketed with unsubstantiated health claims.
